剑桥雅思5test4雅思写作task2大作文范文

　　剑桥雅思5test4雅思写作task2大作文范文

　　具体题目如下：

　　Research indicates that the characteristics we are born with have much more influence on your personality and development than any experiences we may have in our life.

　　Which do you consider to be the major influence?

　　Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

　　雅思写作范文1：

　　Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily influenced by the genetic sciences. We now understand the importance of inherited characteristics more than ever before. Yet we are still unable to decide whether an individual’s personality and development are more influenced by genetic factors (nature) or by the environment (nurture).

　　Research, relating to identical twins, has highlighted how significant inherited characteristics can be for an individual’s life. But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development. It seems that the experiences we have in life are so unpredictable and so powerful, that they can boost or over-ride other influences, and there seems to be plenty of research findings to confirm this.

　　My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person’s life. Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the situations and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting. It is the interacting of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops. If this were not true, then we would be able to predict the behaviour and character of a person from the moment they were born.

　　In conclusion, I do not think that either nature or nurture is the major influence on a person, but that both have powerful effects. How these factors interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a person’s life.

　　大漠点评：

　　开头段：

　　Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily influenced by the genetic sciences.

　　谈背景，这种称为作者与读者之间寻找共同点(common grounds),也就是为了发展文章，作者希望能将读者获得同样一个起点，这样就能促进理解。

　　We now understand the importance of inherited characteristics more than ever before. Yet we are still unable to decide whether an individual’s personality and development are more influenced by genetic factors (nature) or by the environment (nurture).

　　We are unable to decide 获得了具体的背景知识，但这并不是作者个人的观点，注意人称we，但是从这里就奠定了文章的基调。

　　than ever before 这时比较句型中两事物前后时间特征的比较，用得很广泛

　　genetic factors，the environment 题目用词;

　　nature , nurture 杂志报纸普遍用词,通过这种手段将题目与大众联系起来，高，实在是高

　　主体一段：

　　Research, relating to identical twins, has highlighted how significant inherited characteristics can be for an individual’s life.

　　遗传重要

　　作者背景知识很不错，联系到了医学当中的双生子研究(twin study),也就是identical twins的研究，用研究结果来说明问题实际也是举例子的形式

　　highlight [vt] 强调，这个词经常用到

　　But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development.

　　遗传不一定重要

　　but引导了，whether… depends on whether…，这是句复杂句型，很对称很美观

　　“遗传特质是否在个人性格中发展取决于环境是否允许其发展”很科学的表述

　　It seems that the experiences we have in life are so unpredictable and so powerful, that they can boost or over-ride other influences, and there seems to be plenty of research findings to confirm this.

　　环境重要

　　It seems that接so…that的因果句型

　　plenty of research finding句末还不忘提出“有科学依据”

　　主体二段

　　My own view is that there is no one major influence in a person’s life. Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the situations and experiences that we encounter in life are constantly interacting.

　　一个my own view作标志引出了作者的观点interact ，作者观点标志词很重要

　　no one influence (代表没有) instead (而是，代表替代观点)

　　It is the interacting of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops.

　　It is…that 的强调句型

　　shape，dictate [vt] 决定， 注意同义表达

　　If this were not true, then we would be able to predict the behaviour and character of a person from the moment they were born.

　　还不过瘾，用否定虚拟语气来进一步强调

　　结尾段

　　In conclusion, I do not think that either nature or nurture is the major influence on a person, but that both have powerful effects.

　　In conclusion, I think再次总结强调自己的观点

　　How these factors interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a person’s life.

　　这个称为“扩展”，虽然确定了因素之间的关系是“相互影响”，扩展一下，“到达如何影响不知道”，是话题的进一步延伸

　　还原作者写作流程：

　　审题：

　　nature or nurture 老调重弹，不过这这个话题没别的：中立。中立的主体段应该双方观点+我的观点

　　框架：

　　开头段：这是个很科学的话题，所以开头就应当把science这个东西提出来，说genetic science遗传学很火，遗传学也确实解释了一些东西，不过nature or nature这个问题确实没有解决。

　　主体一段：这次把正反两个方面都介绍一些吧，就三句话：遗传重要，遗传不一定重要，环境很重要。

　　主体二段：摆摆我的看法，交互(interact),再解释强调一下：这种交互作用决定这我们，如果不是交互作用(也就是只是遗传决定)，那么就是“龙生龙，凤生凤，老鼠生子打地洞了”。

　　首位段：总结+展望：环境和遗传都很重要，而且如何交换咱不知道(不说最后这句也不会死人啊)。

　　遣词造句：

　　遗传的：inherited characteristics;genetic factor;nature

　　环境的：environment;nurture; situations and experiences

　　人的：human psychology ;mental development ;personality; behavior; character; Traits

　　作者运用了it is… that强调句和虚拟语气表强调，注意一下

　　如果是我?

　　作者有一些背景知识，但是他还是非专业人士，准确说研究环境对人发展影响的是心理学家们，尤其是以华生为代表的行为主义者;医学家，尤其是遗传流行病学做遗传对人发展的影响。有点扯远了，这个话题就是骑墙，观点就是相互影响(interact),专业术语叫“交互”。作者遣词造句的能力实在是望尘莫及，我还是老一套吧，发挥我的专业特长外加细化能力，要我写就这要吧：

　　段， 老一套+本人的专业知识：这个话题很热，遗传学家和行为心理学家都很卖力，提出有相互冲突的说法。

　　第二段， 支持遗传学的，人很多方面受遗传控制，不但是身高肤色等，性格和发展也是说遗传制约的，这些特征也就造就了社会的多样性。再细化一下，如有的人天生内向，往往这种人也勤于思考，那么他发展这些特点，也影响的职业发展，如做科研等，有些人天性外向，倾向于社交，喜欢做销售等。

　　第三段， 支持后天决定论的，环境对人有很大作用，双生子研究做过一些特别的证明就是把一个同卵双生(也就是遗传特质完全一致)，然后由于某种原因分开，性格和发展相差很大。

　　第四段， 我的观点，相互影响，某种性格特质倾向于选择某种适合这种特质发展的环境(一个外向的人喜欢party; 某些环境也会改变人的特质(如心理咨询治疗等)

　　第五段， 总结一下

　　当然具体写的时候得把握个段落的长度，第二三段简写，第四段得多写点

 

　　雅思写作范文2：

　　Nowadays, according to mental and psychologic science, our personality inherited more characteristics we are born than any other experiences in our life. Many genetic technology can also prove this argument. However, others think what we experience in the life can make more influences on our mind. For my part, I could hardly support the later one.

　　As we known, the personality which we owned when we was born cannot be deleted and forgotten. Just like IQ, even though the brain exercise can raise IQ a little, but it cannot change a lot. Consequently,we can explain our characteristics in the same way. Some experts' researches showed that most of our mental features form base on our born personality. So, even we may experience something in our rest life, it cannot change our characteristics a lot.

　　Some people who against it may advocate that we can always hear the storis just like: someone who was a bad boy before, however, an events happened to him and changed his spirits. Didn't the above theory cannot explain it? No! Though events can let your life aim turn around, however, the fundamental personality in your deep mind still like before! The events just let you know what you should do, but not force to change your characteristics!

　　In a conclusion, we know the born characteristic is the major influence in our personality. All changes which happen in our rest of life is just a factor to change it little, but not the absolute factor.

 

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