托福阅读场景词汇：地质类英语词汇六节【新航道原创】

地质  泛指地球的性质和特征。主要是指地球的物质组成、结构、构造、发育历史等，包括地球的圈层分异、物理性质、化学性质、岩石性质、矿物成分、岩层和岩体的产出状态、接触关系，地球的构造发育史、生物进化史、气候变迁史，以及矿产资源的赋存状况和分布规律等。看到地质定义，同学们可能会觉得地质相关的英语词汇会比较难，实事上也是这样的，为了帮助大家的托福阅读考试，小编特汇总了托福阅读中常用到的地质词汇信息，下面来一起学习吧！

相关内容推荐：

地质类英语词汇（一）
地质类英语词汇（二）
地质类英语词汇（三）
地质类英语词汇（四）
地质类英语词汇（五）
地质类英语词汇（六）
地质类英语词汇（七）
地质类英语词汇同义词替换

托福阅读场景词汇：地质类英语词汇五节

zinc

释义•n.锌

例句• A survey of known hyper accumulators identified that 75 percent of them amassed nickel， cobalt， copper， zinc，manganese， lead， and cadmium are other minerals of choice，

(TPO 5-1)

airflow 

释义•n.(运行中的飞机或汽车周围的)气流

例句•On the other hand， air turbulence increases because of the effect of skyscrapers on airflow.(TPO 23-1)

Amazon

释义•n.亚马逊河

例句•In a mature floodplain tropical forest in the Amazon River basin， the canopy(the uppermost layers of a forest， formed by the crowns of trees) takes on a stratified structure.(TPO 40-2)

deglaciation 

释义•n.冰川消退

例句•More recent geologic studies documented deglaciation and the existence of ice-free areas throughout major coastal areas of British Columbia， Canada， by 13， 000 years ago.(TPO 9-1)

estuary 

释义•n.(江河入海的)河口

例句•These characteristics make Spartina a valuable component of the estuaries where it occurs naturally.(TPO 22-1)

派生•estuarine adj.河口的； 江口的

ion

释义•n.离子

例句•Even nitrogen， which is a gas in its elemental state， is normally absorbed from the soil as nitrate ions.(TPO 5-1)

isle 

释义• n.岛

例句•Moose reached Isle Royale in Lake Superior by crossing over winter ice and multiplied freely there in isolation without predators.(TPO 27-3)

Landform

释义•n.地形；地貌

例句•The impact of rainfall upon the surface water and groundwater resources of the desert is greatly influenced by landforms. (TPO 12-3)

manganese  

释义• n.锰

例句•Cobalt ores found in China have a high manganese content， which produces a more muted blue-gray color.(TPO 10-1)

mudflat  

释义•n 泥滩

例句•Spartina  modifies tidal mudflats， turning them into high marshes inhospitable to the many fish and waterfowl that depend on the mudflats.(TPO 22-1)

oxide  

释义•n.氧化物

例句•From the Middle East the Chinese acquired a blue pigment-a purified form of cobalt oxide unobtainable at that time in China-that contained only a low level of manganese.(TPO10-1)

派生•oxidized v.氧化； 生锈

petrifaction....

释义•n.石化；化..... 石物；吓呆

例句•

The term“fossil”often implies petrifaction， literally a transformation into stone.(TPO 20-3)

派生•petrochemical n.石化产品

silicon  

释义•硅

例句•Additional support camein1885wheneka-sl icon， which had also been described in advance by Mendel eye v， was discovered and named germanium.(TPO 16-2)

sulfide 

释义•n.硫化物

例句•Because they lack oxygen， marsh sediments are high in sulfides that are toxic to most plants.(TPO 22-1)

sulfur

释义• n.硫黄；硫黄色

例句•The gases that emanate from present-day volcanoes on Earth， such as Mount Saint Helens， are predominantly water vapor， carbon dioxide， and sulfur dioxide.(TPO 41-2)

upwelling  

释义•n.上涌

例句•Without the upwelling of nutrients from below to feed the fish，fishing comes to a standstill(TPO 43-3)

ammonia]

释义•n.氨；氨水；氨气

例句•The Jovian planets have very thick atmospheres consisting of varying amounts of hydrogen， helium， methane， and ammonia.(TPO 16-3)

asphalt

释义•n.沥青

例句•The first is the heat capacity of the materials that constitute the city， which is typically dominated by concrete and asphalt. (TPO 23-1)

basalt 

释义•n.玄武岩；黑陶器

例句•Most crystalline rocks are much more solid； a common exception is basal， a form of solidified volcanic lava， which is sometimes full of tiny bubbles that make it very porous.(TPO

1-1)

派生•basaltic adj.玄武岩的

catastrophic 

释义•adj.灾难的； 惨重的

例句•Outflow channels are probably relics of catastrophic flooding on Mars long ago.(TPO 8-3)

Chemist 

释义•n.化学家；药剂师；药商

例句•Yet both chemists were sufficiently farsighted to leave gaps where their analyses of periodic physical and chemical properties indicated that new elements should be located.(TPO 16-2)

marble 

释义•n.大理石

例句•It was constructed in the latest Italian style with imported marbles and stylish mosaics.(TPO 47-1)

metallurgy 

释义•n.冶金；冶金术

例句•He studied metallurgy as a mature student， having spent ten years working in a foundry.

methane 

释义•n.甲烷；沼气

例句•The Jovian planets， on the other hand， contain a large percentage of the gases hydrogen and helium， with varying

amounts of ices: mostly water, ammonia, and methane ices.（TPO 16-3)

plateau

释义•n.高原；平稳时期v.达到平稳状态

例句：Forces associated with subterranean heat cause land to be uplifted into plateaus and mountain ranges.(TPO 35-1)