托福阅读场景词汇：地质类英语词汇二节【新航道原创】

地质  泛指地球的性质和特征。主要是指地球的物质组成、结构、构造、发育历史等，包括地球的圈层分异、物理性质、化学性质、岩石性质、矿物成分、岩层和岩体的产出状态、接触关系，地球的构造发育史、生物进化史、气候变迁史，以及矿产资源的赋存状况和分布规律等。看到地质定义，同学们可能会觉得地质相关的英语词汇会比较难，实事上也是这样的，为了帮助大家的托福阅读考试，小编特汇总了托福阅读中常用到的地质词汇信息，下面来一起学习吧！

相关内容推荐：

地质类英语词汇（一）
地质类英语词汇（二）
地质类英语词汇（三）
地质类英语词汇（四）
地质类英语词汇（五）
地质类英语词汇（六）
地质类英语词汇（七）
地质类英语词汇同义词替换

托福阅读场景词汇：地质类英语词汇二节

metal

释义。n.金属

例句. Also, a specialized metal-producing workshop may have been excavated in a small area at Uruk. (TPO 27-1)

派生。metallic adj.金属般的:金属制的

 

stream

释义。n.小河;溪以流。 流动

例句.Groundwater commonly collects in stream drainages but may remain entirely beneath the surface of dry stream-beds in arid regions. (TPO 28-1)

 

consist  

释义. v.由一组成;在于

例句. In any case, in animals it consists of leaping, running, climbing, throwing, wresting, and other movements, either along with objects, or with other animals. (TPO 30-1)

 

landscape

释义。n.风景;风景画v.对.做景观美化

例句. The new commercial farming fundamentally altered the Midwestern landscape and the environment. (TPO 33-2)

 

Pore

释义。n.孔隙;(皮肤 上的)毛孔;(植物的)气孔

例句，Porosity is important for water-storage capacity, but for water to flow through rocks, the pore spaces must be connected. (TPO 28-1)

派生. porous adj. 多孔的;透水的;透气的

Porosity n.孔隙度;孔隙率;疏松

 

dioxide

释义。n.二氧化物

例句. Second, once sleep is fully obtained, there is an increase of carbon dioxide and a decrease of oxygen in the blood that persists during NREM. (TPO 24-2)

 

melt  

释义. v.(使)熔化，融化

例句. The substances that make up both groups of planets are divided into three groups- gases, rocks, and ices based on their melting points. (TPO 16-3)

派生. molten adj.熔化的;熔融的

 

valley

释义. n.山谷;峡谷

例句.The valley, like many other places in Mexican and Guatemalan highlands, was rich in obsidian. (TPO 8-1)

 

erode

释义。V.侵蚀;腐蚀;风化

例句. Lower mountains tend to be older, and are often the eroded relics of much higher mountain chains. (OG 1-3)

派生.erosion n. 腐蚀;侵蚀;磨损

erosive adj.侵蚀性的;腐蚀性的

 

preserve  

释义。v.保存;保护;维持原状

例句. The clay tablets usually were not fired; sun drying was probably reckoned enough to preserve the text for as long as it was being used. (TPO 39-1)

派生.preservation n. 保存;保留;保护

 

composition  

释义。n. 构成;成分;组合方式;创作

例句. Experiments suggest that if fire did not occur in savannas in the Americas, species composition would change significantly.(TPO 31-3)

派生.compositional adj.组成的

 

Rainfall

释义。n. 降雨量;降雨

例句。In these areas, rainfall per month exceeds that in the above definition, So other factors must contribute to savanna formation. (TPO 31-3)

 

drought

释义。n.久旱;旱灾

例句。Though plenty of rain may fall on a savanna during the year, for at least part of the year little does. creating the drought, stress ultimately favoring grasses. (TPO 31-3)

 

aquifer

释义。n.(岩石或主壤的)舍水层

例句.Sandstones generally make good aquifers, while finer- grained mudstones are typically impermeable. (TPO 28-1)

 

evaporate  

释义，v.(使)蒸发，挥发;(逐渐)消失，消散，衰滅

例句. During glaciations, the lighter oxygen-16 has a greater tendency to evaporate from the ocean surface than the heavier oxygen- 18 does. (TPO 19-3)

派生.evaporation n.蒸发;发散;消失

 

drill

释义。v.钻(孔)n. 操练;钻头

例句。The first wells were drilled into the Ogallala during the drought years of the early 1930s. (TPO 3-2)

Reef

释义。n.暗礁

例句。An important environment that is more or less totally restricted to the intertropical zone is the coral reef. (TPO 47-3)

 

atomic

释义。adj. 原子的;原子能的

例句。In fact, subsequent work has shown that in a periodic table, elements should not be ordered strictly by atomic mass. (TPO16-2)

 

liquid

释义。n.液体adj.液体的

例句. The water is brought to the surface, as a liquid or steam, through holes drilled for the purpose. (TPO 21-1)

派生. Liquefy v. (使)液化

 

crust

释义. n. 地壳，硬表面;面包皮

例句. If Earth became as hot as Venus, much of its carbon dioxide would be boiled out of the oceans and baked out of the crust. (TPO41-2)

派生.crustal adj.地壳的

 

diameter

释义.n.直径

例句. The bolide struck an area of the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico known as Chicxulub, excavating a crater 15-20 kilometers deep and at least 170 kilometers in diameter. (TPO 42-2)

 

drift

释义。n. 漂移;流动;趋势v.漂流;漂移;缓缓移动

例句. Earth's internal heat, fueled by radioactivity, provides the energy for plate tectonics and continental drift, mountain building, and earthquakes. (TPO 21-1)

 

strata

释义。n. 地层;岩层(pl.)

例句. By following the fossils, Smith was able to put all the strata of England's earth into relative temporal sequence. (TPO 6-2)

派生. stratum n. 岩层;地层;阶层

 

boundary  

释义. n.边界;范围

例句。How can volcanic activity occur so far from a plate boundary?(TPO 27-2)

 

moist

释义。adj. 湿润的;微湿的

例句. It ranges from sea level in the Polar Regions to 4,500 meters in the dry subtropics and 3,500-4,500 meters in the moist tropics. (TPO 1-3)

派生。moisture n. 水分;水汽;潮湿