托福阅读场景词汇：地质类英语词汇五节【新航道原创】

地质  泛指地球的性质和特征。主要是指地球的物质组成、结构、构造、发育历史等，包括地球的圈层分异、物理性质、化学性质、岩石性质、矿物成分、岩层和岩体的产出状态、接触关系，地球的构造发育史、生物进化史、气候变迁史，以及矿产资源的赋存状况和分布规律等。看到地质定义，同学们可能会觉得地质相关的英语词汇会比较难，实事上也是这样的，为了帮助大家的托福阅读考试，小编特汇总了托福阅读中常用到的地质词汇信息，下面来一起学习吧！

相关内容推荐：

地质类英语词汇（一）
地质类英语词汇（二）
地质类英语词汇（三）
地质类英语词汇（四）
地质类英语词汇（五）
地质类英语词汇（六）
地质类英语词汇（七）
地质类英语词汇同义词替换

托福阅读场景词汇：地质类英语词汇五节

saline'「'ser lin]

释义•adj.含盐的n.盐水

例句•The rate of movement may be very slow: in the Indus plain, the movement of saline(salty) groundwaters has still not reached equilrium after 70 years of being tapped(TPO12-3)

 

Semiarid

释义• adj.半干旱的

例句•This region has a semiarid climate, and for 50 years after its settlement, it supported a low-intensity agricultural economy of cattle ranching and wheat farming.(TPO3-2)

canyon  

释义• n.峡谷

例句•Around Sand Canyon， for example， populations grew from 512 people per square kilometer in the tenth century to as many as 30-50bythe1200s.(TPO 24-3)

Condense

释义•变浓，变稠；(使气体)凝结,v.(使)浓缩，

例句•It is hypothesized that the primordial cloud of dust and gas from which all the planets are thought to have condensed had a compostion somewhat similar to that of Jupiter.(TPO 16-3)

派生• condensation n.冷凝

fringe 

释义• n.边缘v.形成…的边缘

例句•Therefore， these social traits helped to produce the nomadic and daring settlers who kept pushing westward beyond the fringes of settlement.(TPO 20-1)

frost

释义• n.严寒天气；霜冻v.(使)蒙上霜，结霜

例句• In amphibians hibernation occurs in mud or deep holes away from frost.(TPO 40-3)

offshore

释义• adj.离岸的； 海上的adv.海上地； 近海地

例句•In these situations， water temperatures are raised not just along the coast， but for thousands of kilometers offshore. (TPO 43-3)

proton

释义•n.质子

例句•Deuterons readily combine with additional protons to form helium.(TPO 50-3)

runoff

释义•n.径流

例句•Finally， trees perform the vital function of slowing water runoff and holding the soil in place with their root systems， thus combating erosion.(TPO 36-1)

shoreline

释义•n.海(或湖)岸线；海(或湖)滨线

例句• Spartina has been transplanted to England and to New Zealand for land reclamation and shoreline stabilization.(TPO22-1)

Tide

释义•n.潮汐；潮流v.帮助某人渡过(困难时期)

例句• Nutrient-rich water is brought to the wetlands during each high tide， making a high rate of food production possible.(TPO 22-1)

派生• tidal adj.有潮的； 潮汐的

wetland

释义•n.湿地；沼泽地

例句• Land reclamation continued， and between 1590 and 1665，almost 100， 000 hectares were reclaimed from the wetland areas of Holland， Zeeland， and Friesland.(TPO 23-2)

deteriorate

释义•V.恶化；变坏

例句•About 3， 500B.C.， climatic conditions again deteriorated.(TPO28-2)

flake

释义• n.小薄片v.把(鱼、食物等)切成薄片

例句•At seven site she found that 57 percent of the flakes were right-oriented， and 43percent left， a pattern almost  identical to that produced today.(TPO12-1)

gulf

释义•n.海湾；分歧

例句•It occurs naturally along the Gulf Coast and the Atlantic coast of the United States.(TPO 22-1)

hemisphere

释义•n.(地球的)半球；(大脑的)半球

例句• Although raccoons  are native only to the Western Hemisphere, they have been successfully transplanted to other parts of the globe.(TPO 38-2)

ore 

释义•n.矿石；矿砂

例句•Processed wood(charcoal) was the fuel that was mixed with iron ore in the blast furnace to produce pig iron(raw iron) .(TPO 34-2)

shore

释义•n.岸v.支撑

例句•The change separated populations of insects now living along opposite shores， completely cutting off gene flow between them.(TPO 31-1)

spectrum 

释义•n.范围；各层次；光谱；波谱

例句•The five major mass extinctions receive most of the attention，but they are only one end of a spectrum of extinction events.(TPO 33-3)

Cadmium

释义•n.镉

例句•A survey of known hyper accumulators identified that 75 percent of them amassed nickel cobalt， copper， zinc，manganese， lead， and cadmium are other minerals of choice.

(TPO 5-1)

Celsius 

释义. n.摄氏adj.摄氏的

例句•The star's surface temperature is reckoned to be minus 75 degrees Celsius.

earthquake 

释义•n.地震

例句•Earth's internal heat， fueled by radioactivity， provides the energy for plate tectonics and continental drift mountain building， and earthquakes.(TPO 21-1)

Eurasia 

释义•n.欧亚大陆

例句•

This is particularly true of the horse pastoralism that emerged in the Inner Eurasian steppes， for this was the most mobile of all major forms of pastoralism.(TPO 14-3)

nuclear fusion 

释义•核聚变

例句•We now know that stars are fueled by nuclear fusion.(TPO50-3)

Lagoon

释义•n.环礁湖；濒海湖；小淡水湖

例句•An atoll is a reef in the form of a ring or horseshoe with a lagoon in the center.(TPO 47-3)

landmass

释义•n.大陆

例句•When the Hawaiian Islands emerged from these a as volcanoes， staring about five million years ago, they were far removed from other landmasses.(TPO 9-3)

phosphorus

释义•n.磷

例句•Typical y， older leaves are affected first as the phosphorus is mobilized to young growing tissue.(TPO 5-1)

subtropics

释义•n.亚热带；副热带(pl)

例句• It ranges from sea level in the Polar Regions to 4.500mer in the dry subtropics and 3， 500-4， 500 meters in the moist tropics.(TPO 1-3)

派生•subtropical adj.亚热带的； 副热带的