2013年6月15日托福机经回忆及解析

2013年6月15日托福考试尘埃落定，新航道“托福培训国家队”团队，时间为您回忆及解析本场考试托福机经，帮助托友们知己知彼。

(Listening)

Section 1

【主旨】男生请教问题

【内容】教授问女同学对课上讲得东西有问题否?同学不明白教授为什么讲PR，教授说打电话的方式都有PR(这里有考题)。女同学就问intern 的事，去agency好还是hospital好，Agency可以有很多client resource ，而hospital 有raise fund的经验加上education seminar(这里有考题)，但是选择hospital 以后工作可能也只能选形同领域(children),所以女同学就选择去了agency.

Section 2

【主旨】地球为什么有水而其他星球没有

【内容】(1)volcano activity使地球升温，所以不想其他都freeze;(2)有一个实验得每meteorite 带来CO2来使温度和水升高，很多歌meteorite就是有huge effect.但是火星也和地球一样经历了meteorite的是近期，没有谁的原因是因为没有magnetic field.

Section 3

【主旨】城市的热岛效应

【内容】教授举例子说从农村去城市，温度偏高(这里有考题：教授为什么举这个例子)，然后说了产生热岛效应的原因，高楼的颜色深，吸热，，evaporation弱，不能cool atmosphere.

解决方法：建筑物改成白色或者浅色，然后有人提出green roof, 在屋顶中plant,但是很多人反对，但教授认为这有很多作用，而其可以欣赏(这里有考题)。

Section 4

【主旨】组织聚会

【内容】学生昨晚办了一个酒会，是一个男同学组织的，女老师先是表扬了男同学，说每个人都有一个小礼物，同时表扬吃的东西，汇聚了不同地方的美食，表扬完之后开始讲正事，账单超预算500块了，然后男的解释说装修没钱，装饰品和之前小礼物也都是女同学提供得，是为了把钱都放到吃的地方。他们跟那个做东西的人商量好了，让他打广告， 便宜两百块。最后说做东西的人人很好(这里有考题)。

Section 5

【主旨】诗歌

【内容】大概就是说相比传统的郎读诗歌，这是另一种诗歌展示形式，更富有表现力，不像传统的reading一样subdued.这种形式更注重和观众的联系，教授举得例子是他听一个诗人读一首关于教育的诗非常感同身受，最后提到了对这种诗歌形式的批判。

N0 ~6 _- C9 t0 }: c7 ~

Section 6

【主旨】蜥蜴

【内容】是讲蜥蜴尾巴断掉的原理，然后与另一种动物貌似不太一样，然后说尾巴断掉用来逃生是要付出代价的。

加试题:

经典加试

(Speaking)

Task 1

Talk about two schools that you attended and their differences. Give specific examples and details in your response.

参考答案：I would like to point out some differences between my high school and university. First of all, in high school, I proceeded from one class directly to another for about eight hours a day. In college, I have longer hours between classes to myself for individual studies and research. I have more freedom to allocate my time now. Second, the facilities in my high school were pretty basic, we didn’t have up-to-date scientific equipment to toy with, and the book collection in the library was very limited. But in college, I get to operate sophisticated modeling machines, and have super computers at my disposal for more complicated tasks.

Task 2

Some people think that one needs to be talented to be an artist, others believe trainings and hard work is more crucial for someone to be an artist. Which do you think is more important? Give details and examples in your response.

参考答案：I think people are not born artist. We all love to draw or paint when we were kids, as art becomes an interest or hobby, the skills will develop, and thus one will gain the experience until he or she realizes that art is something that he or she can do in life, and sees it as a career. Second, talent only gets one so far. One does have to learn the methods and theories of art, and perfect their skills. I went to art school and must say I learned a lot. I was able to better create what I saw in my mind and translate those ideas to a canvas by being schooled.

Task 3

【讲座主题】在学生宿舍中增加kitchen

【原 因】(1)give an alternative to eating;(2)having fun to prepare and eat with friends

【学生态度】男生同意

【同意原因】(1)学校餐厅的饭不好吃，如果有食堂就有了另外一个选择;(2)除了有乐趣以外，还能在准备饭的同时彼此互相学习。

Task 4

【讲座主题】internal attribute

【内容讲解】将事物发生的原因归结自己的内在问题，而不是外界因素

【1个例子】该教授青少年时期在一家公司工作，负责整理文件。他遇到困难总是不能及时完成工作，该教授没有抱怨老板，也没有抱怨工作太多，而是想办法提高自己的能力。最后教授提高自己的能力，能按时完成工作，变得非常擅长自己的工作。

Task 5

【一个问题】男学生遇到的问题是时间冲突：(1)他要去机场接朋友;(2)他想去参加一位作者的演讲。

【解决方案】(1)告诉朋友自己会迟到(提到的好处有：老朋友可以理解他迟到，这个朋友还可以自己在机场逛逛，吃点东西读书。缺点是朋友大老远跑来看他，不好意思迟到;(2)不去参加演讲。(提到非常想去，如果错过不会有第二次机会)

Task 6

【讲座主题】生物课堂上老师讲解了有些树能够活很长时间的原因--树的适应性

【2种方式】(1)通过释放化学物质避免虫害。举例为red wood，树叶和树干中含有单宁酸，所以虫子不能忍受这种物质，所以不会去吃red wood;(2)发达的根系可以帮助在风暴中幸存下来。举例仍为red wood. 说首先有发达的根系stretch every direction, 以及还可以与周围的树木的根系相组合，互相缠绕在暴风中就不会有问题。

(Reading)

Passage 1

【主旨】印加文明的衰落

【内容】部分讲一个古文明(印加)的衰落。 这个文明的衰落不是因为战争，也不是因为某一群人的定居，因为那群人是在衰落之后才到那个地方去的。

第二部分讲overgrazing和deforestation 可能是原因。 因为人们到哪使用fireplace以及一些其他的自然资源。

第三部分另一个原因可能是降雨量。科学家发现，那个地方衰落的时候正好是降雨量减少的时候。还具体描述了在这段时期降雨量发生的变化，给出很多数据。

第四部分另一个原因是城市的繁荣跟周边rural地区食物的productivity有关。由于气候的原因，rural地区食物产量降低，大城市不能从周围地区获得食物就衰落了。同时，小地方没大城市衰落那么快，但最后变成了village。整个文明也就衰落了。

Passage 2

【主旨】大陆板块漂移理论

【内容】航海发现化石相似性得出G原来是一个大陆。之后提出可能是由land bridge联系起来的。但是这个原因不足以解释这个现象。

之后提出了板块漂移理论。中间举了许多例子来证明这个理论的正确性，包括动植物化石的相似性以及大陆板块边缘的吻合，一些现在分离的地区有非常相似的地址特征。

这个理论一开始不被接受，直到1960年由于研究地球磁场得出新的证据，该理论才被其他理论支持。引出了魏格纳以及另一位科学家提出的Plate tectonic theory。

Passage 3

【主旨】pest control

【内容】文章部分化学手段进行防治。但是化学手段存在缺点：由于害虫的繁殖速度快，农药还大量杀死的predator, 但是predator 就没这么幸运了，他们不能大量繁殖，而且毒素可以传递到他们身体里，从而杀死predator，这一点造成了害虫数量的增加。举了中国的例子，作为个采用化学防治的例子。

文章第二部分将采用天敌进行防治。引进的pest的天敌也许会成功，但是最后predator一段时间之后也可能成为另一种危害。举了California的例子说明。

文章第三步部分说明在用上述方法综合使用。首先考虑化学方法，如果不能控制就引入天敌，但是只要能够控制在不造成经济危害的基础之上。

词汇题：

暂无

(Writing)

Task 1

综合写作

【主题】CFLs(节能灯)与传统灯泡的比较

Reading：CFLs 不如传统灯泡。理由：(1)昂贵;(2)有害环境释放mercury;(3)光线对眼睛不好

Listening： (1)昂贵是事实，但是CFLs使用时间更长，考虑到长寿命的话，昂贵的因素可以被抵消，实际上应该更加便宜;(2)释放mercury也是事实，但是传统灯泡释放更多的mercury，因为传统灯泡需要消耗更多的电能，而电能的产生需要燃烧更多的燃料，从而释放更多的mercury到环境中;(3)光线的问题在新型的CFLs已经得到解决，通过采用新型的技术，CFLs可以产生与传统灯泡无差异的光线。

Task 2

独立写作

Do you agree or disagree with the statement that the way a person dresses is a good indication of his/her personality and character

参考范文：To some, clothes are everything. These people closely follow the latest fashions and take great pride in looking put-together. To others, clothes serve merely a functional purpose. These people regard clothing as practical possessions and nothing more. Most people fall somewhere in between these two perspectives, and I think that looking at how they dress can tell you a lot about what kind of people they are.

This is clearly evident in work environments. Is the person's work uniform dirty, wrinkled, and messily worn? Or is it pristine and cared for, and seemingly worn with pride? By taking a look at someone's work clothes, you can easily tell what kind of character they have when it comes to work. Those who are dedicated and proud of their jobs will keep their uniform in good condition, whereas those who have little love for their jobs will reflect that attitude through their uniform. This type of rule also applies in office environments. If professional dress is mandatory, then the ones who care the most will be the ones most impeccably dressed-they'll be sporting fresh-looking ties, well-ironed shirts, and lovingly-maintained shoes.

You can also tell a lot about a person by the type of clothes they wear when at home. Are they wearing old, comfortable sweatpants, or tight fashionable jeans? Those who are more tightly wound and care a lot about fashion may be well-dressed all the time, while those who are more laid-back and casual will take the chance to wear more relaxed dress. My best friend Karen, for example, is the type of person who wears casual-but good-looking-clothing everywhere she goes. She will often wear the same clothes to work as what she wears at home. That's okay because she works at a kindergarten, and she has to be comfortable playing with kids all day. Just by looking at her clothing, you can tell that she's a down-to-earth and a warm person.

Admittedly, you cannot judge a person by their clothing alone. Young people, for example, will often change their dress styles from month to month and year to year because they are in the process of discovering themselves. The impression you get may be very inaccurate or incomplete in these cases. However, after someone is past this stage in their life, clothing can be a fairly reliable indicator of who they are as a person because their lives will follow a far more regular routine.

Clothing can tell us a lot about an individual. Looking at how someone dresses at work or at home can give you insight into their attitudes and the type of person they are. This is probably less the case with younger people since they are still at a stage where their identity is uncertain, but otherwise you can deduce a lot about a person by looking at their clothes.

【结束语】

新航道，为你托举梦想，走遍美国!

新航道托福，给你高分，更给你能力!

新航道精品托福全封闭班、班、点题班：

https://sh.xhd.cn/toefljj/

(上海新航道学校版权所有，转载请注明出处)