新航道2021年11月6日雅思考试机经回忆完整版

2021.11.06

LISTENING

PART 1

Version   Topic

旧题   订hotel

1-10为填空题

Arden hotel

Basic information

1. Purpose of events: to celebrate the organisation's last 25 years.

2. Approximate number of guests : 180

3. Venue required : the conference room

4. date: June 13

Main causes choices

5. non-vegetarian: chic ken

Table arra ignment:

6. Cafe style

Equipment required:

7. A microphone

8. A projector

9. Won't need us to provide any music

10. Ovemight accommodating: approximately ten twin _rooms

PART 2

Version  Topic

新题   一家职业中心的介绍

11-16为选择题

 looking for jobs

11. Go to job center in the morning because

A. less crowded

B. more jobs are available

C. more staff

12. To improve the service, the job C enter recently provide

A. special appointments for the disabled

B. shorter waits before a ppointments

C. longer appointment if necessary

13. People can join“Drop in" ses sion when

A. witing CV

B. choosing careersg

C. illing the application forms

14. What kind of additional service is free of charge

A. photocopy document

B. use computers

C. borrow DVD

15. Funding is available about

A. IT training courses

B. Business courses

C. Courses on communication skills

16. Most people who came to job center felt they

A. advanced their C areer

B. had higher income

C. improved their professional skills

17-20为匹配题

A employer's details

B job description

C legal support

D salaries

E qualfcation required for the job

F training opportunity

17. files A

18. self-help sheets D

19. occupational profles B

20. glossy booklet F

Part 3

Version  Topic

旧题  Archeological excavation

21-25为单选题

21. How did xx and xx feel before they go to the activities.

A lack of motivation.

B they were enthusiastic

C they were confused

22. After attending... what discovery... xx and xx are mostly surprised about?

A. 暂缺

B careful about the record

C photographs are important

23. What did women find

A fabric

B pot

C jewelry

24. What did xx and xx say about the people they studied?

A they were eating various food

B fishing is the main industry

C not as tall as people today

25. What did xx and xx say about the people they worked with?

A from different countries

B work hard

C young and enthusiastic

26-30为流程配对题

A taking soil sample

B save for future research

的

C暂缺

D labeling them

E record sheet

F use unit number

G暂缺

H looking for tools

I make comprehensive plan

26. search for,

and dean xoxx.

H

27. ask leader for.

E

28. make, 

I

29. taking

A

30. put

D

PART 4

Version  Topic

旧题   城市生物多样性

31-40为填空题

Urban biodiversity

Introduction

Cities became the habitat of wild animals; it is necessary for us to preserve wild species.

Two major threats:

1. hunting

Location

Moss, lichen and 2. insects

Some old buildings: 3. walls _of the gardens

Birds in cities

In London, falcon feed at 4. night

Seagull use trash for 5. nests

Adaptation of human

10 ,000 years ago, human lived in rural areas, based on 6. agriculture

Plant 7 trees

Dietary habits

Projects

Invite volunteers to do some 8. surveys

Because they spread 9.diseases in most polluted areas.

Some animals like rats, dangers to human 10.health

SPEAKING

People & Animal

Wild life

Pets and animals

Events

Extreme sports

Holiday

Watch stars

Environmental Protection

Relax

Car trip

Work & study

Getting up early

Festivals

Barbecue

Happiest New year

Weekend

Handwriting

Colors

Getting lost

Relax

Sky and stars

Public parks or gardens

Objects/Things

Wallet and purse

Special costumes

Farming

Flowers

Wallet

Stars

TV Programs

Traditional food

Night sky

Headphones

Shoes

Money

App

Technology at work

Places

Hometown

Home Country

Accommodation

Primary School

Room

Museum

Public parks and gardens

First school

Abstract

Advertisement

Being happy

Names

Science

Weather

Concentration

New Year

Part 2&3

People & Animal

Describe your favorite singer or actor喜欢的歌手或演员

Describe a person who loves to do social work社会工作

Describe awriter you would like to meet 作家

Describe a person who understands your feelings and emotions懂你的人

Describe a person who you think wears unusual clothes/special costumes穿着奇怪的人

Describe someone who is older than you that you admire尊敬的长者

Describe a personwho likes to help others乐于助人

Describe a personyou know who is polite礼貌的人

Describe a poltian you know你 了解的政治家

Describe a person who gave a clever solution to a problem给出聪明解答的人

Describe a creative person whose work you admire你尊敬的有创造力的人

Describe a foreign person who you have heard or known that you think is interesting你认识的有趣的外国人

Describe a famous athlete you know你知道的有名的运动员

Describe a musical person that you like喜欢的音乐人

Describe a person who impressed you the most in your primary school小学印象最深的人

Describe a beautiful woman or men you have seen漂亮的人

Describe a visitor in your home你家 里的访问者

Describe a busines sman you admire你尊敬的商人

Events

Describe an argument with your friend与朋友的争吵

Describe a time when you helped a friend帮助朋友的经历

Describe a time when you lost your way迷路

Describe an occasion when many people were smiling微笑

Describe an occasionwhenyou were not alowed to use your mobile phone不允许用手机

Describe an event when you tried to do something but not successful.努力做了但没有成功的事

Describe a plan in your life (that is not related to work or study计划:

Describe a leisure activity near/ on the sea that you wantto try水上活动

! Describe time when you shared something with others (or another person) 分享

Describe an occasion when you ate something for the first time第1次吃某种东西

Describe a live sport match that you have watched现场体育比赛

Describe a time you had to wait in line fora long time排长长的队

Describe a time you had to encourage someone to do something he or she didnt enjoy doing鼓励别人做不喜欢的事情

Describe a time when it is important to tell your friend the truth 告诉朋友事实

Describe a time whenyou had to use your imagination用想象力

Describe an activity that you do after school/work课后活动

Describe a time when you got close to wild animals.接近野生动物

Describe leisure activities at sea side海边的休闲活动

Describe a failure experience失败的经历

Describe a time when you got up early早起的经历

Describe a time you were friendly to someone you didn't like对不喜欢的人友好

Describe a bicydle/ motorcycle/ car trip you would like to go喜欢的自行车/摩托车汽车旅行

Describe a difficult decision you once made曾经做过的困难的决定

Describe an activity you usually do that wastes your time经常 做的浪费时间的事

Describe an activity you usually do when study/work ends工作或者学习后做的事

Describe a time when you waited for something special that would happen等待可能发生的特别的事

Describe a skill that was dificult foryouto leam很难学习的技术

Describe a time when you were misunderstood被别人误解的时候

Describe a plan in your life (that is not related to work or study)和工作 学习无关的计划

Objects/Things

Describe a piece of equipment that is the most important one in your family家中重要设备

Describe a natural talent (like sports, music and so on) you want to improve提高的天赋

Describe a puzzle(like a jigsaw or a cross word) you have solved谜语

Describe an art or craft activity (e.g. painting, woodwork, et.) that youhad (at school)艺术品

Describe an article on health you have read.关于健康的文章

Describe a toy you enjoyed playing when you were a kid.小时候喜欢的玩具

Describe a toy you liked in your childhood.童年 喜欢的玩具

Describe a thing that you bought and felt pleased about.满意的购物

Describe one thing you bought新 买的东西

Describe your favourite movie.喜 欢的电影

Describe a weather you like.喜欢的天气

Describe a topic you are interested in感 兴趣的话题

Describe a short jourmney you take regularly but you do not like常 规且不喜欢的短途旅行

Describe a kind of street food街边小吃

Describe an activity you usually do when study/workends工作或者学习结 束后做的活动

Describe an exciting book that you enjoy reading-本 喜欢读的兴奋的书

Describe an item on which you spent more than expected花费 很多买的东西

Describe your favorite movie or film最喜欢的电影

Describe a good service you received得到的好的服务

Describe a habit your friend got that you want to develop想发 展的朋友有的习惯

Places

Describe a town or a city where you would like to live in the future 想居住的城镇

Describe a tall building in your city you like or dislike高楼

Describe a place you visited that has been affected by pollution污染的地方

Describe a quiet place you like to spend your time in安静的地方

Describe a place (not your home)where you are able to relax放松的地方

Describe someone's home you like but don't want to live in.不喜欢的家

Describe a company where you live that employs a lot of people大公司

Describe a outdoor market户 外市场

Describe a cafe you like to visit。喜欢去的咖啡店

Describe a place you visited on vacation去度假的地方

Describe a place that is crowded and lively拥挤热闹的地方

Abstract

Describe a piece of local news that people are interested in本地新闻

Describe a law on environmental protection环保法律

Describe a time when you found out something interesting on the social media在社交媒体的趣事

Describe a skill that you think you can teach other people.教别人技能

Describe a perfect job you would like to have完美的工作

Describe a time you feel bored.感觉无聊的时刻

Describe a law should be made应该制定的法律

Describe a good service you received得 到的好的服务

Describe a habit your friend has and you want to develop朋友有的好习惯

READING

Passage 1

Topic  Koalas

内容方面

A. Koalas are just too nice for their own good. And except for the occasional baby taken by

birds of prey, koalas have no natural enemies. In an ideal world, the life of an arboreal couch

potato would be perfectly safe and acceptable.

B. Just two hundred years ago, koalas flourished across Australia. Now they seem to be in

decline, but exact numbers are not available as the species would not seem to be 'under

threat'. Their problem, however, has been nan, more specifically, the white man. Koala and

aborigine had co-existed peacefully for centuries.

C. Today koalas are found only in scatered pockets of southeast Australia where they

seem to be at the risk on several fronts. The koala's only food source, the eucalyptus tree，

has declined. In the past 200 years, a third of Australia's eucalyptus forests have

disappeared. Koalas have been killed by parasites, chlamydia epidemics and a

tumour-causing retro-virus. And every year 11000 are killed by cars, ironically most of them

in wildlife sanctuaries, and thousands are klled by poachers. Some are also taken ilally

as pets. The animals usually soon die, but they are easily replaced.

D. Bush fires pose another threat. The horrific ones that raged in New South Wales recently

Killed between 100 and 1000 Koalas. Many that were taken into sanctuaries and shelters

were found to have burnt their paws on the glowing embers .But zoologists say that the

species should recover. The Koalas will be aided by the eucalyptus, which grows quickly

and is already burgeoning forth after the fires. So the main problem to their survival is their

slow reproductive rate - they produce only one baby a year over a reproductive lifespan of

about nine years.

E. The latest problem for the species is perhaps more insidious. With plush, grey fur, dark

amber eyes and button nose, koalas are cuddliness incamate Australian zo0s and wildlife

parks have taken advantage of their uncomplaining atitudes, and charge visitors to be

photogr aphed hugging the furry bundles. But people may not realise how cruel this is, but

because of the koala's delicate disposition, constant handling can push an already

precariously balanced physiology over the edge.

F. Koalas only eat the foliage of certain species of eucalyptus trees, between 600 and 1250

grams a day. The tough leaves are packed with cellulose ，tannins, aromatic oils and

precursors of toxic cyanides. To handle this cocktail, koalas have a specialised digestive

system. Cellulose-digesting bacteria in the caecum

break down fibre, while a specially

adapted gut and liver process the toxins. To digest their food property, koalas must sit still for

21 hours every day.

G. Koalas are the epitome of innocence and inoffensiveness. Although they are capable of

ripping open a man's arm with their needle-sharp claws, or giving a nasty nip, they simply

wouldn't. If you upset a koala, it may blink or swallow, or hiccup. But attack? No way! Koalas

are just not aggressive. "They use their claws to grip the hard smooth bark of eucalyptus

trees.

H. They are also very sensitive,. and the slightest upset can prevent them from breeding,

cause them to go off their food, and succumb to gut infections. Koalas are stoic creatures

and put on a brave face until they are at death's door. One day they may appear healthy, the

next they could be dead. Captive koalas have to be weighed daily to check that they are

feeding properly. A sudden loss of weight is usually the only warning keepers have that their

charge is il. Only two keepers plus a vet were allowed to handle London Zoo's koalas, as

these creatures are only comfortable with people they know. A request for the koala to be

taken to Beet the Queen was refused because of the distress this would have caused the

marsupial. Sadly. London's Zoo no longer has a koala. Two years ago the female koala died

of a cancer caused by a retrovirus. When they come into heat, female koalas become more

active, and start losing weight, but after about sixteen days, heat ends and the weight piles

back on. London' s koala did not. Surgery revealed hundreds of pea-sized tumours.

I. Almost every z00 in ; Australia has koalas-the marsupial has become the Animal

Ambass ador of the nation, but nowhere outside Australia would handling by the public be

allowed. Koala cuddling screams in the face of every rule of good care. First, some zoos

allow koalas to be passed from stranger to stranger, many children who love to squeeze.

Secondly, most people have no idea of how to handle the animals: they like to cling on to

their handler, all in their own good fime and use his or her arm as a tree. For such reasons,

the Association of Fauna and Marine parks, an Australian conservation society is

campaigning to ban koala cuddling. Policy on koala handling is determined by state

goverment authorities. "And the largest of the numbers in the Australian nature

Conservation Agengy, with the aim of instituting national guidelines. Following a wave of

publicity, some z00S and wildlife parks have stopped tuming their koalas into photo.

题目方面

1-5为单选题

1. The main reason why koala declined is that

A by captivity

B by diseases they got

C killed on the road

D low birth rate

2. How can koalas fully digest their food?

A toxic substance in the leaves

B organs that dissolve the fibres

C remaining inactive for a period to digest

D eating eucalyptus trees

3. What would koalas do when facing the dangerous situation?

A show signs of being offended

B counter attack furiously

C use sharp dlaws to rip the man

D fake death

4. In what ways Australian zo0s exploit koalas?

A make them as "animal ambassador"

B put them on the trees as a symbol

C allow tourists to cuddle the koalas

D establish a koala campaign

5. What does the author think about the government policy on Koalas?

A introduce koala protection guide lines

B close some of the zoos

C encourage people to resist visiting the zo0s

D persuade the public to le am more knowledge

的

6-12为判断题

6. settlers are the main cause for Koalas decline.

Yes

7. Koalas are found in most of the places in Australia.

No

8. the eucalyptus trees haven't recover from recent fire. No

9. Koalas will fight each other over food.

Not Given

10. It is not easy to notice that koalas are il.

Yes

11. Koalas are easily infected with human contagious disease. Not Given

12 Koalas like to hold a person's arm rather than being held.

Yes

13为选择题

From your opinion this article wittenby

A a journalist who write for magazine

B a z00 keeper in London Zoo.

C a student write forhis essay

D a government oficial who studies koalas to establish a law

Passage2

Topic   All about chocolate

All about chocolate

Chocolate is the best-known food that nobody knows anything about it. This article reveals

the mystery of the bittersweet food.

A. When most of us hear the word chocolate, we picture a bar, a box of bonbons, or a

bunny. The verb that comes to mind is probably "eat," not "drink," and the most apt adjective

would seem to be "sweet." But for about 90 percent of chocolate's long history, it was strictly

a beverage, and sugar didn't have anything to do with it.

B. The terminology can be a lttle confusing, but most experts these days use the term

"cacao" to refer to the plant or its beans before processing,"I often call chocolate the

best- known food that nobody knows anything about," said Alexandra Leaf, a self described

"chocolate educator" who runs a business called Chocolate Tours of New York City. The

term“chocolate" refers to anything made from the beans, she explained. "Cocoa" generally

refers to chocolate in a powdered form, although it can also be a British form of "cacao.'

Etymologists trace the origin of the word "chocolate" to the Aztec word' xocoatl," which

referred to a bitter drink brewed from cacao beans. The Latin name for the cacao tree,

Theobeomacacao , means "food of the gods."

C. Many modem historians have estimated that chocolate has been around for about 2000

years, but recent research suggests that it may be even older. In the book The True History

of Chocolate, authors Sophie and Michael Coe make a case that the earliest linguistic

evidence of chocolate consumption stretches back to three or even four millennia, to

pre-Columbian cultures of Mesoamerica such as the Olmec.

D. Last November, anthropologists from the University of PennsyIvania announced the

discovery of cacao residue on pottery excavated in Honduras that could date back as far as

1400 B.C. It appears that the sweet pulp of the cacao fruit, which surrounds the beans, was

fermented into an alcoholic beverage of the time.

E. It's hard to pin down exactly when chocolate was born, but it's dlear that it was cherished

from the start. For several centuries in pre-modern Latin America, cacao beans were

considered valuable enough to use as currency. One bean could be traded for a tamale,

while 100 beans could purchase a good turkey hen, according to a 1 6th-century Aztec

document.Both the Mayans and Aztecs believed the cacao bean had magical, or even

divine, properties, suitable for use in the most sacred rituals of birth, marriage and death.

According to the book The Chocolate Connoisseur, Aztec sacrifce victims who felt too

melancholy to join in ritual dancing before their death were often given a gourd of chocolate

(tinged with the blood of previous victims) to cheer them up.

F. Sweetened chocolate didn't appear until Europeans discovered the Americas and

sampled the native cuisine. Legend has it that the Aztec king Montezuma welcomed the

Spanish explorer Hemando Cortes with a banquet that indluded drinking chocolate, having

tragically mistaken him for a reincamated deity instead of a conquering invader. Chocolate

didn't suit the foreigners' taste buds at first- one described it in his writings as“a bitter drink

for pigs"- -but once mixed with cane sugar, or if it is available, honey, it quickly became

popular throughout Spain. By the 1 7th century, chocolate was a fashionable drink throughout

Europe, believed to have nutritious, medicinal and even aphrodisiac properties. But it

remained largely a privilege of the rich until the invention of the steam engine made mass

production possible in the late 1700s.

G. In 1828, a Dutch chemist found a way to make powdered chocolate by removing about

half the natural fat (cacao butter) from chocolate liquor, pulverizing what remained and

treating the mixture with alkaline salts to cut the bitter taste. His product became known as

"Dutch cocoa," and it soon led to the creation of solid chocolate. The creation of the first

modern chocolate bar is credited to Joseph Fry, who in 1847 discovered that he could make

a moldable chocolate paste by adding melted cacao butter back into Dutch cocoa. By 1868,

a lttle company called Cadbury was marketing boxes of chocolate candies in England. Milk

chocolate hit the market a few years later, pioneered by another name that may ring a

bell- -Nestle.

H. In modem society,additives and sugars were added to cacao, more like candies than

chocolates.

I. The United States accounts for 20% of the world's chocolate consumption. Women [91%]

prefer to eat chocolate more than men [87%]. The average person consumes 11 kilograms

every day.

题目方面

14-17为段幕匹配题

Which paragraph contains the following information?

14.a reference to the economic worth of cacao beans at one point in the past

E

15.an indication of general consumption of chocolate in modern society

1

16.a reference to the ingredient change of modem chocolate

H

17.an account of first opinion of Europeans on chocolate

F

18-22为匹配题

18. Language

B

19. word,used to describe A

20.题目暂缺

D

21. Ceremony

E

22. old ceramics

C

A Alexandra Leaf

B Sophie and Michael Coe

C暂缺

D暂缺

E暂缺

F Joseph Fry

23-26为填空题

Europeans first thought chocolates were bitter, but with the combination of sugar or__ _23___

it became popular in European. However, it is only the food of the_ 24___ _until the late

1700s.

In the early years of 1800s, a_ 25_

made powdered chocolate through extracting

_26___ and added to specific salts.

23. honey

24. rich

25. chemist

26. fat

Passage 3

Topic

Case study of fle xible working: Frank Russell Company

CASE STUDY IN FLEXIBLE WORKING: FRANK RUSSELL COMPANY

A. Two phrases that Frank Russell Company uses to identify itself also suggest why flexible

work options are a perfect fit for this American financial services firm. The sun never sets in

Russell' means this 24-hour, multi-country organizations' flexible work hours are essential to

conducting its business. "Employees first, dlients second' expresses the bottom line worth

that management sees in employee satisfaction and creating an excellent work environment

that indludes opportunities to work from home. Telework, (ie. working away from the

traditional office) compressed workweeks and flextime serve Rusell both as strategic

business tools and valued employee benefits. 'Of we have happy staff frst, we will have

happy dlient,' says Mike Phillips, the company's chief executive .

B. Flexible work options are offered in all departments, but the level and type of use vary

widely among the 970 employees based at the company's headquaters in Tacoma,

Washington State. In. the early 1990s, several work groups pioneered various forms of

flexible working, induding telework. As the programs spread, management discovered one

size does not ft all. Rather than attempt to cover every possibity, Russell now provides

general guidelines under which departments customize plans to accommodate individuals'

personal circumstances.

C. Implementing telework becomes less of a leap when a company's staf and clients are

already scattered around the world. Pam Johnson, Manager of Intemational Assignments,

works in Tacoma but reports to a supervisor based in London. She is responsible for

transfers of staff from. one country to another, including negotiating the terms, shipping

belongings and obtaining work permits. She works from home several times a month.

answer emails.' Johnson says she is a more loyal employee because of the combination of

benefits, flexibility and trust her employer offers. 'I've been here 11 years. Once in a while

wonder if I should look elsewhere, but the opportunity to flex my hours and work at home are

part of the formula that always ends up on the Russell side.

D. Email and technology such as remote network access not only transformed the office

environment and the communication abilities between branch offices, they supported the

growth of telework. Mike Phillips is as reliant on email and remote access as anyone,

regardless of whether he is working in Singapore, Tacoma or from home. 'Email is our

primary means of communication,' Pilips says. 1 can get up two hours early Singapore and

respond to 20 emails from associates around the world or send a company-wide memo from

home.'

E. The ability to vary start times or work the longer days of a compressed workweek are a

way of doing business at Russell. An earlier start or a longer day increases telephone

communication with international staff. In addition, since the New York Exchange opens at 9

a.m, traders on the West Coast need to start by 6 a.m local time. Another group, which

provides desktop computer support, finds four 10-hour days make it easier to accomplish

some tasks before or after employees need to use their computers.

F. The larger consulting department offers compressed workweeks to administrative staff.

Administrative Assistant Jean Boelk works different proportions of altermate weeks in order

to receive one extra day off every other week. She is part of team of four administrative staff

who jointy support a work group of four executives. People are more willing to help each

other because we're dependent on each other on our days off, Boelk says. Increasing the

hours of coverage, plus the idea of cross-training and shared work, results in less overtime.

So long as coverage is adequate, staff can change days off from one pay period to the next.

G. What motivates teleworkers is usually a combination of work and personal needs. Senior

Technical Analyst Scott Boyd, who is in the Computer Operation section, works at home

twice a month. Boyd's job involves responding to telephone requests, and in the ffice it's

hard to work longer than 10 minutes without getting interrupted by the phone. lt's an

incredible relief to be so productive for one day at home,'he says.

H. Anumber of managers also find that working at home improves their overall

performance. Sales and Marketing Services Manager Tricia O'Connell works at home

approximately two days a month. She gives staff her home telephone number and advance

notice of her plans, then checks voice mail every half hour and email every hour from home.

In addition, she schedules weekly meetings in her office with each of eight members of her

team to discuss challenges and encourage top performance. 'This means I am more able to

focus on staff when it counts,' she says.I

In the end, management asks two questions

when making decisions about work option requests: 1) Will it improve overall employee

satisfaction or job performance? and 2) Will it hurt performance of duties in some way that it

not acceptable or is not offset by other improvements? For Frank Russell Company, the

answers these questions show that flexible working is highly satisfactory for business.

题目方面

27-34为LOH

List of Headings

Flexible working meets differing business needs

ii The disadvantages of flexible working

ii

The process of organising flexible working has changed

iv Involving dlients in deciding how best to serve them

v

Technical developments have facilitated flexible working

vi

The cost/beneft analysis of flexible working

vi Flexible working increases co-operation among staff

ix Flexible working encourages commitment to the company

The workforce is the company's top priority

xi It's easier to get on with the work at home

Example

Answer

Paragraph E

i

27. ParagraphA

28. Paragraph B

ili

29. Paragraph C

ix

30. Paragraph D

V

31. Paragraph F

vii

32. Paragraph G

xi

33. Paragraph H

vili

34. Paragraph I

vi

35-37为匹配题

List of Staff

A. Mike Phillips

B. Pam Johnson

C. Jean Boelk

D. Scott Boyd

E. Tricia O'Connell

35. provides contact details when working out of the office

E

36

is convinced that staff feelings have an impact on company

D

37 performance has responsibilities which are shared with certain colleagues C

38-40为填空题

38. The Frank Russell Company aims to ensure that staff gain a sense of satisfaction from

their work.

39. Mike Phillip mostly uses emails to contact staff.

40. In the consulting department flexible working reduces the amount of overtime done by

staff.

WRITING

Task1 

Type of questions 柱状图

题目

The chart below shows the production and consumption of rice in seven different

countries in 2008. (million tons)

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make

comparisons where relevant.

Task 2

Topic  社会发展类

Type of questions   权衡利弊类

题目

Many people use social media every day to get in touch with other people and news

events. Do you think the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?