雅思长难句解析（40） | 长难句 “综合版”

例句1

Instead, he shows it is entirely possible to accommodate natural ventilation and cooling in large buildings by looking into the past, before the widespread introduction of air conditioning systems,which were relentlessly and aggressively marketed by their inventors. (剑 14 Test 2 Passage 2)

1)结构分析

层次一：

主句：he shows it is possible to accommodate natural ventilation and cooling

修饰①：in...buildings【介短状，修饰主句accommodate，表地点】

修饰②：by.............inventors 【介短状，修饰主句accommodate，表方式】

层次二：

修饰②内部：

主体：by looking into the past

修饰①：, before ..... systems【同位语，解释past】

修饰②：which ......... inventors【which定从，修饰air conditioning systems】

结构总结：主句+介短+介短【同位+定从】

2)译文分析：红体字代表主干，括号代表修饰，大括号包括小括号

相反的，他表示(在大型建筑中)实现自然通风和降温完全是有可能的，【只要能回到过去, 那时还没有大规模引进(被发明者大肆宣传推广的)空调系统】。

3)重点词汇：

Instead：adv. 相反

entirely：adv. 完全的

accommodate：n. 倾向

ventilation：n. 通风

widespread introduction：(词组) 广泛引进

air conditioning ：adv. 空调

relentlessly and aggressively：adv. 大肆的 激进的

market：v. 营销 宣传

例句2

Much of the ingenuity present in 19th-century hospital and building design was driven by a panicked public clamoring for buildings that could protect against what was thought to be the lethal threat of miasmas-toxic air that spread disease.(剑 14 Test 2 Passage 2)

1)结构分析

层次一：

主句：much of the ingenuity was driven by a panicked public

修饰①：present.... design【present 形容词短语后置定语，修饰ingenuity】

修饰②：clamoring.......disease【doing分词做定语，修饰public】

层次二：

修饰②内部：

主体：clamoring for buildings

修饰：that.....disease 【that定从，修饰buildings】

层次三：

修饰内部：

主体：that could protect....miasmas

修饰：- toxic air that spread disease 【同位，解释miasmas+that定从，修饰toxic air】

结构总结：主句+形容词短语+doing【定从(嵌套同位+定从)】

2)译文分析：红体字代表主干，括号代表修饰，大括号包括小括号

(出现在 19 世纪的医院和建筑的)大多数精巧设计是源于惊慌失措的公众，【他们强烈要求建筑(要能够防止她们免受瘴气的致命威胁)，(这是一种可以传播疾病的毒气)】。

3)重点词汇：

ingenuity：n. 精巧设计

drive：v. 驱动 刺激

panicked：adj. 惊慌失措的，恐慌的

clamoring for：(词组)要求

lethal：adj. 致命的

threat：n. 威胁

例句3

Professor Short contends the mindset and skill-sets behind these designs have been completely lost, lamenting the disappearance of expertly designed theaters,opera houses, and other buildings where up to half the volume of the building was given over to ensuring everyone got fresh air.(剑 14 Test 2 Passage 2)

1)结构分析：

层次一：

主句：Professor Short contends he mindset and skill-sets have been completely lost

修饰①：behind...designed 【介短定语，修饰mindset and skill-sets】

修饰②：lamenting....air【doing做状语，修饰contend，表伴随】

层次二：

修饰内部：

主体：lamenting the disappearance of ...... other buildings

修饰：where .....air【where定从，修饰other buildings】

结构总结：主句+介短+doing【嵌套定从】

2)译文分析：红体字代表主干，括号代表修饰，大括号包括小括号

Short 教授争论说(这些设计背后的)思想和技能已经完全丢失了，【他对那些消失了的、经由专家精心设计建造的剧院、歌剧院和其他建筑感到惋惜，(而这些建筑中多达一半的空间可以确保每个人都能呼吸到新鲜空气)】。

3)重点词汇：

contend：v. 争论

mindset：v. 思维模式

lament：v. 哀悼 惋惜

volume：n. 量

expertly designed：(词组)专家设计的

ensure：v. 确保