雅思长难句解析（36） | 长难句 “综合版”

例句1

Although reintroduction successes are few and far between, the numbers are increasing, and the very fact that species have been saved or reintroduced as a result of captive breeding proves the value of such initiatives. (剑 14 Test 4 Passage 2)

1)结构分析

层次一：

主句：the numbers are increasing，and the very fact proves the value of such initiatives

修饰①：although....between【although状从，修饰numbers are increaseing，表让步】

修饰②：that..........breeding【that同位从，解释fact的内容】

结构总结：主句①【嵌套状从】+and+主句2【嵌套同位从】

2)译文分析：红体字代表主干，括号代表修饰，大括号包括小括号

(虽然重新引入的成功案例很少)，但数量正在增加，而且(物种已经通过人工繁殖被拯救或重新引入的)事实证明了这一举措的价值。

3)重点词汇：

reintroduction：n. 重新引进

captive：adj. 被圈养的 被监禁的

breeding：n. 繁殖

autonomy：n. 自主

few and far between：(词组)很少

initiatives：n. 方案 措施 发起;积极性 主动性

例句2

Whitebread, who directs PEDAL, trained as a primary school teacher in the early 1970s, when, as he describes, ‘the teaching of young children was largely a quiet backwater, untroubled by any serious intellectual debate or controversy.’ (剑 14 Tests 1 Passage 1)

1)结构分析

层次一：

主句： Whitebread trained

修饰①：as...... teacher【as介短状，修饰trained，表目的】

修饰②：in......controversy【介短状，修饰trained，表时间】

层次二：

主体：in the early 1970s

修饰①：when........controversy 【when定从，修饰early 1790s】

层次三：

主体：the teaching...backwater

修饰①：untroubled.......controversy【done分词定，修饰backwater】

修饰②：, as he describe，【插入语】

结构总结：主句+介短状+介短状【嵌套定从(嵌套分词+插入语)】

2)译文分析：红体字代表主干，括号代表修饰，大括号包括小括号

(现在是 PEDAL 中心的主管的)Whitebread，(在 20 世纪 70 年代早期)受过小学教师资格培训，【按他所说，那是一个(幼儿教育基本上是一滩死水，不会受到任何严肃的学术讨论或者矛盾争辩所干扰)的时代】

3)重点词汇：

train：v. 受训，为....而训练

primary school：(词组) 小学

quiet backwater：(词组) 死水

intellectual debate or controversy：(词组)学术辩论

controversy：n. 争议 矛盾

serious：adj 严肃的

untrouble：v. 不受干扰

例句3

Outdoor play is curtailed by perceptions of risk to do with traffic, as well as parents' increased wish to protect their children from being the victims of crime, and by the emphasis on 'earlier is better' which is leading to greater competition in academic learning and schools. (剑 14Tests 1 Passage 1)

1)结构分析：

层次一：

主句：Outdoor play is curtailed by perceptions as well as parent’s increased wish and by the emphasis

修饰①：of.....traffic【of介短定语，修饰perceptions】

修饰②：to........crime 【to do定语，修饰wish】

修饰③：on......schools 【on介短定语，修饰emphasis】

层次二：

修饰③内部：

主体：on 'earlier is better '

修饰：which.......schools【which定从，修饰 'earlier is better '】

结构总结：主句+介短定+to do定+介短定【嵌套定从】

2)译文分析：红体字代表主干，括号代表修饰，大括号包括小括号

户外玩乐被限制，一来是由于害怕交通危险性和父母越来越想保护孩子免受犯罪的伤害，二来是由于对一种理念的高度重视：‘越早越好’，(这种理念导致学术学习和校园生活的竞争日益激烈)

3)重点词汇：

curtailed：v. 限制 抑制

perceptions：n. 认知 观点

victims：n. 罪犯

crime: n. 犯罪

emphasis：n. 强调

competition：n. 竞争