2017年3月4日雅思考试阅读机经真题答案回忆【新航道版】

发布时间：2021-05-26 16:17

上海新航道雅思培训班小编为大家整理了2017年3月4日雅思考试阅读机经真题答案回忆，每次考试后新航道雅思小编会在1-2天内更新托福机经回忆

Reading

Passage 1

Topic

软体动物

Content Review

Rags to Riches

The jaws of ragworms may yield a valuable new material

WHEN it comes to prospecting for advanced materials, the animal kingdom rarely comes to mind. Yet engineers sometimes find that the forge of evolution produces more impressive substances than those devised by the human brain. Spider-silk, for example, is stronger than steel, and is now finding its way into bullet-proof jackets. And the ridges and furTows of a gecko's celling-grasping toes have inspired a glueless adhesive tape.

The newest candidate for translation from the animal to the human world, though, looks even more unlikely. Chris Broomell and Herbert Waite, of the University of Califomia, Santa Barbara, have been studying the jaws of ragwoms- -which, as careless fishermen who have used them for bait can attest, can give a nasty nip. Dr. Broomell and Dr. Waite

were cunous about the composition of the only hard parts of an otherwise squishy animal.

In finding out, they may have blundered across the starting point for a new material that is both strong and light.

Ragworms will be familiar to anyone with a childhood interest in sea-shore life. They crawl around beaches and mudfiats using tiny structures along the sides of their bodies that work like legs, but are in fact gills. At the front of their bulbous blue heads they have curved fangs that act as jaws. They use these to capture and tear apart their crustacean

In the 1980s ecologists looking for organisms that could be used as indicators of oceanic pollution took a keen interest in ragworms. These ecologists found that the worms' jaws

contained a lot of zinc, a metal that is toxic in large doses.

That suggestion, however, fell apart when it became clear that the jaws of worms from clean water, too, were stuffed with zinc. The ecologists lost interest. But the engineers

were intrigued.

First, they checked the strength and durability of the jaws by pressing them with a | microscopic diamond probe. This revealed that the material from which they are made is as strong as aluminlum and impressively light. It is also quite unusual. Most strong biological structures of this sort- bones, teeth, shells and so on- -are highly mineralised. That is, they incorporate crystals of insoluble inorganic salts, most often calcium carbonate or calcium phosphate, in a matrix of protein. This creates a composite material akin to glass-fibre or carbon-fibre. These composites are of interest to engineers in their own night, but when Dr. Broomell and Dr. Waite stuck ragworm jaws in an X-ray spectroscope they found no sign of mineralisation at all. That confused them, and they have spent several years tying to find out what is really going on. What they have discovered, as they report in Biomacromolecules, is that the zinc is far from being a pollutant. In fact, it is crucial.

Ragworm jaws are made of a mixture of protein and zinc ions. The protein in question contains a lot of an amino acid called histidine. Indeed, it has ten times more histidine than the average protein. Histidine likes to bind tightly to zinc ions. The consequence is that a material composed of histidine-rich proteins and zinc is extremely strong. But, lacking the dense calcium salts of mineralised biological structures, it is also quite light.

Strong and light is a desirable combination in an engineering matenal- -and particularly so | in those materials used in aircraft. Dr. Broomell and Dr. Waite have thus passed their discovery on to a group of scientists at NASA, America's aerospace agency, in order that they can try to take the next steps. These are to see whether worm-jaw protein, 0 something similar, can be made in bulk, and to try forming it into useful shapes. If both of those prove possible, then an intiguing altemative to traditional composite materials may become available- -and worms, in a sense, will fly.

Questions & Answers

Questions 1-6 True/False/Not given

1. Talking about engineering matenals people seldom think about animal. T

2. Spidersilk now is used widely in advanced technology. T

3. Fishermen are using ragworms more frequent than before. NG

4. There will not be any Zinc in terms of jaws of worms from clean water. F

5.待补充

6.待补充

Questions 7-10

7. Ragworms has only one hard part in their body, the rest are squishy.

8. The material from which they are made is as strong as aluminium.

9. NASA is expected to see whether womm-jaw protein, can be made as bulk.

10.待补充

Questions 11-13

11. Ragworms crawl around beaches and mudilats using B. gills which are tiny structures

along the sides of their bodies.

12. When Dr. Broomell and Dr. Waite stuck ragworm jaws in an X-ray spectroscope they

found none of D. mineralisation at all.

13. They use A. fangs to capture and tear apart their crustacean prey.

A. fangs

B. glls

C. legs

D. mineralisation

Passage 2

Topic

郁金香

Content Review

Tulips

A Long before have ever heard of the High-Tech Company, whose shares soared in the late 1990s, only to crash in 2000, there was Semper August.

B Around 1624, the Amsterdam man who had the only dozen specimens of tulip was offered a pnice of 3000 guilders for one bulb (the round root, like an onion, from which

tulips grow).

C Who were crazier, the tulip lovers who refused to sell it for a small fortune, or the ones who were wlling to pay so much?

D Dutch were not the first to go crazy for tulips.

E Holland in the earty 17曲century was embarking on its Golden Age.

F Enter the tulips.

G The tulip price rose steadily throughout the 1630s, as more and more spectaculars were in the frenzy of tulip buying.

H Soon after that, tulip market crashed utrty, spectacularty.

I In one crucial respect, tulip mania was unlike the crazy of high-tech shares in the last decades.

Questions & Answers

Questions 14-18

14. A difterence of the popularity between the tulip bulbs and the high-tech shares. (1)

15. An indication of the value of the 17h century money. (B)

16. An example of tulips being used instead of money, (G, 中间部分提到可以用郁金香来抵押用以借钱)

17. An indication of the popularity before 17 century. (D)

18. An explanation of the appeal of the tulips compared with other flowers. (F)

Questions 19-23

19. Around 1624, all the Semper August tulips were belonged the same person. (T, 第二段)

20. Tulips were first grew in Holland. (F,第二倒二句)

21. Tulips were more popular in Holland than in other European countries. (NG, 文中未曾提到)

22. Dutch merchants were the richest in Europe. (NG)

23. The sales of the tulips were regulated by the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. (F, 最后一段第二句)

Questions 24-26

24. On becoming independent, the Holland concentrated on commerce. (E段， flowed into commerce可以判断出)

25. Merchants built large houses which had flower gardens. (E 段中间部分)

26. Tulips were bought by two main types of customers: tulip lovers and spectaculars such as merchants and traders. (G 段)

Passage 3

TopiC

Art and artists

Content Review

大家在对各种艺术作品赏析时由于各种原因，审美会很不一样，比如一些人看到飞机高空之类的会害怕因为恐高,还有些会因为自己的一些主观客观原因喜欢或者厌恶-一个艺术作品。然后艺术家在表现其作品时也都是不同风格，有的会真实直接的描绘，有的会给意象派模糊的描绘。文章列举了几位画家，拿他们的作品相比较甚至用某- -个作家的不同风格作品比较。最后分析了下艺术家和艺术作品之间的关系。

Questions & Answers

Questions 27-30

27. H

28. D

29. E

30. F

Questions 31-36

31. B. Alpine hills

32. C. R's son

33. F. elephant

34. H. horse

35. D. XX's mother