托福阅读考试中的那些技巧你都知道吗！

除了要求学生具有一定的词汇量和强大的语法基础外，托福阅读测试对于掌握某些阅读技能非常必要。

提示1：适当的定位方法

托福阅读考试在三小时内完成，平均每次20分钟。 20分钟应包括阅读约700字的文章和12至14的主题，包括阅读主题和四个选项。时间非常紧张。如果您没有任何目的地查看文章，那么查看问题并查看答案需要很长时间。在托福阅读主要问题类型之前：信息问题(3-5 /文章)，使用标题中的关键词找到文章并找到关键句子，然后进行转换，节省时间并提高正确的信息。评分那么，如何找到关键字?一般而言，标题中的名词是有效定位的。有几种方法可以找到：

1)正确的名称，例如人名或地名

2)数字定位(在标题或答案数量，数字定位)

Paragraph 5 ：The coastal hypothesis has gained increasing support in recent years because the remains of large land animals, such as caribou and brown bears, have been found in southeastern Alaska dating between 10,000 and 12,500 years ago. This is the time period in which most scientists formerly believed the area to be inhospitable for humans. It has been suggested that if the environment were capable of supporting breeding populations of bears, there would have been enough food resources to support humans. Fladmark and other believe that the first human colonization of America occurred by boat along the Northwest Coast during the very late Ice Age, possibly as early as 14,000 years ago. The most recent geologic evidence indicates that it may have been possible for people to colonize ice-free regions along the continental shelf that were still exposed by the lower sea level between13,000 and 14,000 years ago.

题目：According to paragraph 5，the most recent geologic research provides support for a first colonization of America dating as far as back as A)16000 years ago

B)14000 years ago

C)12500 years ago

D)10000years ago

题目解析：这道题目是答案里出现数字，通过答案的数字直接定位到文章，A答案16000，文章里没有，暂时先放一下，14000在文章出现的地方有两个。关键句在文章里已用红色标出。First human colonization应该可以追溯到14000年之前。所以应该是B。

机考的时候，对于密密麻麻的文字来说，出现数字的时候一定是比较醒目比较容易找到的。

3)题目里的关键词会原文名词的同义替换

原文technical problems与题目里的 technological?inadequacies?想对应

技巧二：善抓逻辑词

逻辑词的考点在托福阅读的多种题型中都有反应

1)事实信息题中以why 开头的题目，考的就是因果逻辑关系。

段落里出现“therefore， due to，accordingly，as a result，hence，as“的时候就代表前后是因果的逻辑关系。

2)句子简化题

此题型考察的是句子内部的逻辑关系，可以通过句子中的逻辑词直接锁定答案。

以TPO China Pottery这篇为例

The tradition of religious sculpture extends over most historical periods but is less clearly delineated than that of stone wares or porcelains, for it embraces the old custom of earthenware burial ceramics with later religious images and architectural ornament.

A.While?stonewares?and?porcelains?are?found?throughout?most?historical?

periods,?religious sculpture?is?limited?to?the?ancient?period.

B.Religious?sculpture?was?created?in?most?periods,?but?its?history?is?less?

clear?than?that?of stone wares?or porcelains?because?some old?forms?

continued?to?be?used?even?when?new?ones?were?developedC.While?stonewares?and?porcelains?changed?throughout?history,?religious?

sculpture?remained uniform?in?form?and?use.

D.The?historical?development?of?religious?sculpture?is?relatively?unclear?

because?religious sculptures?sometimes?resemble?earthenware?architectural?ornaments.

这句话里面有明显的两个逻辑词“but”和for”。已经非常清楚了表明了这个句子两个重要的点，for 应该理解为因为。整句话应该理解为：宗教雕塑的传统贯穿了中国历史的大部分时期，但是它们不像粗陶器或者瓷器那样在历史中描述的那么清楚，因为他包含了陪葬陶瓷的旧工艺，又用到了后来的宗教雕塑和建筑装饰。那么B答案也有非明显的相对应的逻辑词but 和because，直接锁定B答案。然后在看下句子的表达的意思是完全正确的。

3) 句子插入题

此题型考察的是句子与句子之间的内部逻辑关系

以真题“Origins of the Megaliths”为例

Renfrew has studied two circumscribed areas, the Scottish islands of Arran and Rousay, to examine this hypothesis more closely. He found that a division of the arable land into territories, each containing one megalith, results in units that correspond in size to the individual farming communities of recent times in the same area. Each unit supported between 10 and 50 people. The labor needed to put up a megalith would probably be beyond the capabilities of a community this size. But Renfrew argues that the cooperation of other communities could be secured by some form of recognized social incentive perhaps a period of feasting at which communal building was one of several activities.

插入的句子：So it might seem that megaliths could not have been used by an individual community to mark its land.

So 表示结果，结果是这些megaliths 有可能不是一个community在用。那么前面应该会讲导致此观点的原因。D前面“the labor needed to put up a megalith would probably be beyond the capabilities of a community this size”. 修建需要的人手可能超过了一个社区的尺寸(暗示无法完成)。D之后转折讲通过feasting方式解决。

技巧3：清除段落结构和文章结构

修辞问题的问题类型只是检验学生对段落结构的把握。问题类型将询问作者文章中实验或实验的目的是什么。Example 跟 experiment 的details不重要。最重要的一点是找到一个论点。掌握段落的结构将掌握问题的类型。

摘要问题是所有文章的最后一个问题类型6和3的问题类型。选择的答案是反映该段的主题。

一般而言，具体的details无法选择，因为该段的主要目的无法反映。答案必须是反映该段的主旨。这个问题考察了学生是否能掌握文章的结构。例如，在一般文章开始提出现象之后，对这种现象的解释，以下段落解释了为什么会出现这种现象。

提示4：负面的事实信息

否定事实信息问题应该注意段落并行出现的地方。答案是选择表达错误的那个。可能原始文not mention提及信息或与原始信息不一致。那么这意味着其他三个选项在原始文本中具有相应的位置。您可以使用排除方法来选择答案技巧五：词汇解决问题的技巧

词汇问题是除了事实信息问题之外的另一个主要话题类型。问题类型的特征是：问题量大，难度低。累积词汇可以提高此问题类型的准确性并节省时间。那么，当你在考试过程中遇到一个新词或忘记一个单词时，还有哪些方法可以提高词汇量问题的正确率?

1) 词根词缀法

homogeneous，这个词可以拆分三部分homo-gene-ous，home是表示同类的前缀，gene：基因，ous是形容词常见的后缀，连起来是同一类基因的，有同类组成的。

2) 通过词性的褒贬色彩

TPO 1-2-1. The word “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to A.changed

B.debated

C.created

D.supported

champion这个词名词的时候是的意思，这里加了ed 很明显是动词用，属于褒义词，那么选项里只有D这个词还是属于褒义词，A中性词，B，贬义词，C中性词

3) 利用句子的逻辑关系去推测单词的意义。

4) 切记不要直接带入，有的时候带入的那个单词意思也很通畅，但是题目的词汇本身是没有单词的意思。词汇题的答案一定要基于单词本身!

A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle.

The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following?

(A) drop

(B) extend

(C) melt

(D) drift

这个词汇题很多学生会选择melt，觉得这个冰融化到海洋里，引起海水位的上升。看上去很说的通。但是plunge这个词本身没有融化的意思，而是跌落，所以只能选择A。

 

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