托福写作机经范文：高分模板与实用表达

　　一、托福写作考试结构

　　托福写作考试分为两部分：独立写作(Independent Writing)和综合写作(Integrated Writing)。独立写作要求考生就一个普遍话题表达自己的观点并进行论证，而综合写作则要求考生在阅读和听力的基础上，对一个学术话题进行总结和讨论。

　　二、高分范文示例

　　(一)独立写作范文

　　题目 ：“Do you agree or disagree that social media has more negative effects than positive effects on people's lives?”

　　范文 ： In the digital age, social media has become an integral part of our lives. While it offers numerous benefits, such as connecting people across the globe and providing a platform for self-expression, I firmly believe that the negative effects of social media outweigh the positive ones.

　　Firstly, social media can be a significant source of misinformation. With the ease of sharing information, false news and rumors can spread rapidly, causing confusion and panic among users. For instance, during the COVID-19 pandemic, many false claims about the virus and its treatments circulated on social media, leading to widespread misinformation and harmful consequences.

　　Secondly, social media often leads to a distorted perception of reality. People tend to present only the best aspects of their lives on social media, creating an illusion of perfection. This can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem among users who compare their lives to the seemingly perfect lives of others. For example, studies have shown that excessive use of social media is linked to higher levels of anxiety and depression among young people.

　　However, it is important to acknowledge the positive aspects of social media as well. It allows people to stay connected with friends and family, even when they are far apart. It also provides a platform for businesses to reach a global audience and for individuals to share their creative work. Despite these benefits, the negative impacts of social media cannot be ignored.

　　In conclusion, while social media has its advantages, the negative effects it brings, such as the spread of misinformation and the promotion of unrealistic lifestyles, are more pronounced. Therefore, it is crucial for users to be aware of these drawbacks and use social media responsibly.

　　(二)综合写作范文

　　题目 ：“Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific points made in the reading passage about the causes of climate change.”

　　范文 ： The reading passage discusses several causes of climate change, including natural factors such as solar radiation and volcanic activity, as well as human activities like the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. However, the lecture presents a different perspective, challenging some of the points made in the reading.

　　Firstly, the reading passage suggests that solar radiation is a significant contributor to climate change. According to the passage, variations in solar radiation can cause fluctuations in global temperatures. However, the lecture argues that the impact of solar radiation on climate change is minimal compared to other factors. The lecturer presents data showing that while solar radiation does have some effect, it is not sufficient to explain the rapid changes in climate that we are currently experiencing.

　　Secondly, the reading passage highlights volcanic activity as another natural cause of climate change. It states that volcanic eruptions can release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. In contrast, the lecture emphasizes that the amount of greenhouse gases released by volcanic eruptions is relatively small compared to the emissions from human activities. The lecturer provides evidence that human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, are the primary drivers of climate change.

　　Finally, the reading passage mentions deforestation as a major human activity contributing to climate change. It explains that deforestation reduces the number of trees that can absorb carbon dioxide, leading to higher levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. While the lecture does not dispute this point, it adds that reforestation efforts and sustainable forestry practices can help mitigate the impact of deforestation on climate change. The lecturer suggests that focusing on reducing fossil fuel emissions and promoting renewable energy sources is equally important in addressing climate change.

　　In summary, the lecture challenges the reading passage's emphasis on natural causes of climate change, arguing that human activities are the primary contributors. By presenting data and evidence, the lecturer highlights the need for more effective measures to reduce human-induced greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the effects of climate change.

　　三、高分模板与实用表达

　　(一)独立写作模板

　　引言段 ：

　　“In today's world, [topic] has become a widely debated issue. While some people argue that [opposing view], I firmly believe that [your view].”

　　主体段 ：

　　“Firstly, [reason 1]. For example, [example 1].”

　　“Secondly, [reason 2]. As a result, [consequence].”

　　让步段 (可选)：

　　“However, it is important to acknowledge that [opposing view]. Despite this, [reaffirm your view].”

　　结论段 ：

　　“In conclusion, [restate your view]. It is crucial for [call to action].”

　　(二)综合写作模板

　　引言段 ：

　　“The reading passage discusses [main points of the reading]. However, the lecture presents a different perspective, challenging some of the points made in the reading.”

　　主体段 ：

　　“Firstly, the reading passage suggests that [point 1 from the reading]. In contrast, the lecture argues that [point 1 from the lecture].”

　　“Secondly, the reading passage highlights [point 2 from the reading]. The lecture, however, emphasizes that [point 2 from the lecture].”

　　结论段 ：

　　“In summary, the lecture challenges the reading passage's emphasis on [main points of the reading], arguing that [main points of the lecture]. By presenting data and evidence, the lecturer highlights the need for [call to action].”

　　四、实用表达

　　(一)独立写作

　　引言段 ：

　　“In the era of [topic], it is essential to consider [your view].”

　　“The issue of [topic] has sparked intense debate, with many arguing that [opposing view]. However, I contend that [your view].”

　　主体段 ：

　　“One compelling reason is that [reason 1]. For instance, [example 1].”

　　“Another significant factor is [reason 2]. This leads to [consequence].”

　　让步段 ：

　　“While it is true that [opposing view], this does not outweigh the benefits of [your view].”

　　结论段 ：

　　“To sum up, [restate your view]. It is imperative that [call to action].”

　　(二)综合写作

　　引言段 ：

　　“The reading passage and the lecture address the topic of [topic], but they present differing viewpoints.”

　　主体段 ：

　　“The reading passage asserts that [point 1 from the reading]. Conversely, the lecture contends that [point 1 from the lecture].”

　　“The reading passage also mentions [point 2 from the reading]. The lecture, on the other hand, highlights [point 2 from the lecture].”

　　结论段 ：

　　“Overall, the lecture provides a more comprehensive understanding of [topic] by addressing the limitations of the reading passage's arguments.”

　　五、备考建议

　　积累词汇和表达 ：通过阅读高分范文和相关文章，积累常用的词汇和表达方式，特别是与常见话题相关的词汇。

　　练习写作结构 ：熟悉独立写作和综合写作的结构，独立写作采用“引言 - 主体 - 结论”的结构，综合写作则需要在总结阅读和听力内容的基础上进行写作。

　　模拟练习 ：定期进行模拟写作练习，严格按照考试时间完成写作任务，之后进行自我评估或请老师批改。

　　关注时事热点 ：独立写作部分的题目往往涉及社会热点话题，因此关注时事新闻可以帮助你更好地理解和表达观点。