托福阅读场景词汇：历史社会类英语词汇三节【新航道原创】
1托福阅读场景词汇：历史社会相关英语词汇三节
suppress
释义•V.抑制；镇压；查禁
例句•If the theory was correct, breathing air with extra carbon dioxide should have triggered yawning, while breathing pure oxygen should have suppressed yawning.(TPO 18-2)
派生•suppression n.抑制；镇压；压制
Antarctica
释义•n.南极洲
例句•present-day glaciers are found in Antarctica ,in Greenland. and at high elevations on all the continents except Australia.（TPO 15-3)
paleolithic
释义• 旧石器时代的
例句•The earliest discovered traces of art are beads and carvings, and then paintings,from sites dating back to the Upper Paleolithic period. (TPO 4-2)
debris
释义•n碎片；残骸
例句•These springs are the sources of streams and rivers, which cut through the rocks and carry away debris from the mountains to the lowlands. (OG 1-3)
Netherlands
释义•7.荷兰
例句•Dutch land reclamation in the Netherlands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries provides the most spectacular example of the expansion of farmland.(TPO 10-3)
authority
释义•n.权力；权威；当局
例句•In time, the“big men" become formal symbols of authority and pass on that authority to others within their own family.（TPO 33-1)
Democratic
释义•adj.民主党的
例句•The development of the modern presidency in the United States began with Andrew Jackson who swept to power in 1829 at the head of the Democratic Party and served until
1837.(OG 1-1)
national
释义•adj.国家的；民族的；国民的
例句•At the same time, entry into national politics began at the deme level and gave local loyalty a new focus: Athens itself.（TPO 40-1)
settler
释义 n.移民；殖民者
例句. To settlers accustomed to eastern woodlands ,the thousands of square miles of tall grass were an awesome sight.(TPO 32-2)
medieval
释义•adj.中世纪的；原始的；老式的
例句•The clock was the greatest achievement of medieval mechanical ingenuity. (TPO 30-3)
Maori
释义•n.毛利人；毛利语adj.毛利人的；毛利语的
例句•When the Maori arrived in New Zealand, they encountered birds that had been evolving for 80 million years without the presence of mammalian predators. (TPO 39-1)
steel
释义•
n.钢铁；钢制品；坚固v.钢化；使冷酷
例句•For example, glass could be used to open up walls and eliminate their stone and brick masonry because large spaces could now be spanned with steel beams.(TPO 37-3)
ancestor
释义•n.祖先；始祖；被继承人
例句•The fossil consists of a complete skull of an archaeocyte , an extinct group of ancestors of modern cetaceans.(TPO 2-1)
administration
释义•n.政府；管理；行政；实施；行政机构
例句•During his administration, he immeasurably enlarged the power of the presidency.(OG-8)
派生•administrative adj.管理的；行政的
administer v.管理，执行，给予
battle
释义•v.与•••作战；斗争n.战役；斗争
例句•The Dutch battle against the sea is legendary.(TPO 23-2)
citizen
释义•n.公民；市民；老百姓
例句•Guilds(business associations ) were required to provide rowers, and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for.(TPO 25-2)
派生•citizenship n.公民身份；公民权利
fertile
解义，adj.肥沃的；富饶的；能生育的
例句•For a given rate of invasion, fertile site is likely to be much more rapid than that of a dry, infertile site because of poor survival on the latter. (TPO 32-1)
norm
释义•n.常态；标准；规范
例句•Slow continuous change may be the norm during periods of environmental stability, while rapid evolution of new species occurs during periods of environment stress.(TPO 30-2)
moral
释义• 道德的；精神上的；品性端正的n.道德；寓意
例句•In keeping with this philosophy of limited government, Democrats also rejected the idea that moral beliefs were the proper sphere of government action. (OG 1-1)
Govern
释义•v.控制；管理；支配；统治
例句•The glacial system is governed by two basic climatic variables:precipitation and temperature. (TPO 15-3)
派生•governance n.管理；统治；支配
coastline
译义•n.海岸线
例句•The most crucial effect of climate was on the sheer quantity of land available in each period, measurable by studying ancient coastlines.(TPO 49-1)
Ceremony
释义•n.仪式；典礼；礼节
例句•Thus, the restoration of harmony though a ceremony can bepart of a curing process. (TPO 41-1)
派生•ceremonial adj.仪式的；正式的；礼仪的n.仪式；礼节
reclamation
释义•n.开垦；收回；再利用
例句•Spartina has been transplanted to England and to New Zealand for land reclamation and shoreline stabilization.(TPO22-1)
policy
释义•
n.政策；方针；保险单
例句•During the fifth century B.C. the council of 500 was extremely influential in shaping policy.(TPO 40-1)
army
释义•n.军队；陆军
例句•The organizational bonds were based on the common principles of law and administration and on the universal army of officials who enforced common standards of conduct.(TPO7-2)
2值得推荐的英语词汇记忆法
1.形象记忆法
形象记忆之所以一直受到追从是在于它把原先的机械记忆通过形象联想转化成了逻辑记忆，因而摆脱了死记硬背。形象记忆又分很多种，相对用得较为广泛的应该是 谐音形象记忆，就是把有些知识按照其他熟悉的同音语言去理解，使之生动，有趣。那么作为以中文为母语的学习者而言当然是汉字。用谐音记忆法通常会有意想不 到的效果。例如： ache------a+che，可以理解为“啊。。。车。。。撞到了--------痛”。
2.卡片记忆法
自己制作单词卡片，卡片写上词形、词性、词义、音标、搭配、例句等，随身携带进行单词记忆。可以按照字母顺序，每日几词的方式。
3.对比记忆法
英汉对比。如：radar(雷达)，cigar(雪茄)，beer(啤酒)，bar(酒吧), shark(鲨鱼)，fee(费)等。
同音词对比法。如：right-write，eye-I，meet-meat等。
单复数对比法。如：wood-woods，good-goods等。
同词异意对比法。如：bear, bill, scale等。
常考的雅思听力类词汇就是以上这些，如在学习过程中发现错误或者有问题咨询的话，欢迎添加新航道专业老师微信(微信号：shnc_2018)进行详细咨询。
