剑10test3雅思听力Section4原文解析
剑10test3雅思听力Section4原文解析
●谈话场景:专题讲座场景
●人物关系:教授
●谈话话题:“自动调焦理论”与领导力
交际与语言衰达
1.本段是关于“自动调焦理论”与领导力的讲座。Self-regulatory focus theory is a theory developed by Tori Higgins.(“自动调焦理论”是由托丽·希金斯提出的)。
2.He says that a person's focus at any given time is to either approach pleasure or avoid pain.(他说,在任何特定的时间,一个人的焦点不是为了争取快乐就是为了避免痛苦。)其中“either…or”意为“或者……或者……;不是……就是……”,表示两者之一,连接句子中两个并列的成分。
3.Prevention goals are oriented towards the avoidance of punishment.(预防性目标以避免惩罚为方向。)其中“be oriented towards”意为“以……为方向,重视”。
4.特定的场合,思想的重心可能是提升性目标也可能是预防性目标,原文为“In a specific situation, our thoughts might focus more on promotion goals or more on preventions goals.”其中“focus on”意为“集中于”。
5.In contrast, if we are working on an important project for our boss, we are more likely to try to avoid making mistakes and therefore have more prevention goals in our mind。(相比之下,如果我们在为老板做一个很重要的项目,我们更倾向于避免产生错误,脑海中就有更多预防性的目标。)其中“avoid doing sth.”意为“避免做某事”。
6.Now that I have talked about the two focuses and how they affect people…(既然讲了两个焦点以及它们是如何对人们产生影响的……),其中“now that=since”意为“既然,由于”,在句子中做连词。
7.All of these things can encourage followers to think about what could be.(所有的这些都鼓励追随者思索事情会是怎么样的。)其中“encourage sb. to do sth.”意为“鼓励某人做某事”。
8.This emphasis will dearly lead followers to focus on avoiding punishment and problems.(这种强调会明显地引导追随者关注迸免惩罚和问题。)其中“lead sb. to do sth.”意为“引导、带领某人做某事。”
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