托福阅读考试常见话题汇总

发布时间:2020-04-06 13:43

托福阅读考试常见话题汇总。做托福阅读的困扰是什么?是长难句么?是文章篇幅么?还是越来越难的题型?显然都有。但是综合来看阅读的难点还是在文章的话题这一块儿。同学们遇到熟悉的话题相对来说比较轻松,一旦遇到没有见过的话题,顿时鸡皮疙瘩起一身,头皮发麻。

就近几年托福阅读出现频次较高的社会类话题来讲,涉及到的知识面广泛,以至于大部分同学们都不是很熟悉,一旦在考试中这类型文章占比过高,阅读的分数就很难拿高分。

常考话题类型

很多同学平时过多关注阅读的题型分类而忽略了文章的话题,这就有点本末倒置了。因为文章是我们获取信息的关键,大家要先去搞懂文章才能做题,因此我们的重点应当是从文章着手,那么问题来了,常考的话题类型都有哪些?

常考的话题其实可以分为社会科学、生物科学、自然科学三大类,每大类下还可以再去细分,大志君今天给大家带来的不仅是话题的科普,还有一些练习材料,建议收藏喔~

一、社会科学

社会科学出现的频率越来越高,尤其是关乎到历史性的话题就更多了,例如人类文明的变迁、古代人类生活习惯等等。

备考时仅仅关注地区性的历史知识是远远不够的,而考试不涉及常识考查这一特点也不需要考生去背诵具体的历史事件,人文历史类文章更加注重史实的分析。

这类文章的逻辑结构一般是先描述历史现象,再进行原因分析,最后会对这一历史现象所造成的影响做一个分析,所以熟悉历史背景的前提下关注文章的论证才是搞定此类文章的关键。

细分话题推荐材料:心理/生理学

OG:Aggression

OG:The Expression of Emotion

TPO06:Infantile Amnesia

TPO 13:Methods of Studying Infant Perception

TPO 18:The Mystery of Yawning

TPO 21:Autobiographical Memory

TPO 24:Breathing During Sleep

社会学/教育

TPO 09:Reflection in Teaching

TPO 13:Types of Social Groups

TPO 14:Children and Advertising

TPO 31、32:Early Children Education

人类历史/考古学/工业化介绍

OG:Artisans and Industrialization

TPO 06:Powering The Industrial Revolution

TPO 18:Industrialization in The Netherlands and Scandinavia

TPO 26:Energy and the Industrial Revolution

TPO 30-3: The Invention of the Mechanical Clock

TPO 32:Siam, 1851-1910

TPO 33:The first civilization

TPO 33:Railroads and Commercial Agricuture

贸易/经济介绍

TPO 10:Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth

TPO 14:Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia

TPO 16:Trade and The Ancient Middle East

TPO 17:Europe’s Early Sea Trade with Asia

TPO 25:The Decline of Venetian Shipping

农业发展

TPO 07:Agriculture, Iron, and The Bantu Peoples

TPO 21:The Origins of Agriculture

TPO 23:Seventeenth-Century Dutch Agriculture

国家/城市特点

OG:Nineteenth-Century Politics in The United States

TPO 07-2:Ancient Rome and Greece

TPO 08:The Rise of Teotihuacan

TPO 14:Maya Water Problems

TPO 19:The Roman Army’s Impact on Britain

TPO 26:Sumer and The First Cities of The Ancient Near East

人口变化特点

TPO 05:The Origins of The Pacific Island People

TPO 09:Colonizing The Americas Via The Northwest Coast

TPO 20:Westward Migration

TPO 20:Early Settlement in The Southwest Asia

TPO 24:Moving into Pueblos

TPO 28-2: Early Saharan Pastoralists

艺术绘画/雕塑/陶瓷

OG:Applied Arts and Fine Arts

TPO 04:Cave Art in Europe

TPO 10:Chinese Pottery

TPO 11:Ancient Egyptian Sculpture

TPO 23:Rock Art of the Australian Aborigines

TPO 29-1:Characteristics of Roman Pottery

TPO 27-1:Crafts in the Ancient near East

二、生物科学

这类话题是常考内容,且在托福阅读部分占比也较大。其中涉及到的问题包括濒危动物保护、环境问题等。同学们对这一类型的话题相对来讲还是比较熟悉的,但对应的词汇还是要去多积累。

涉及到多物种在生态系统中各类互动的文章一并算到了生物科学类别,信息量相对大一些又略显抽象,但实际文章的结构其实是清晰可读的,多为并列关系的简单展开式,由概念介绍到举例说明,小伙伴们如果仍然觉得备考难度较大,不妨在TPO中参考类似主题的文章,先明确各生态学概念名词后再进行其他细节的理解。

细分话题推荐材料:植物学

Sample:Opportunity and Competitors

TPO 01:Timberline Vegetation on Mountains

TPO 05:Minerals and Plants

TPO 09:The Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii

TPO 22:Spartina

TPO 25:The Evolutionary Origin of Plants

TPO 32:Plant Colonization

动物特点

OG:Swimming Machines

OG:Feeding Habits of East African Herbivores

TPO 04:Deer Population of The Puget Sound

TPO 13:Biological Clock

TPO 15:A Warm-blooded Turtle

TPO 17-3:Symbiotic Relationship

TPO 32:Distribution of Tropical Bee Colonies

动物变化

TPO 05:The Cambrian Explosion

TPO 08:Extinction of The Dinosaurs

TPO 15:Mass Extinctions

TPO 31-1: Speciation in Geographically Isolated Populations

TPO 30-2:The Pace of Evolutionary Change

TPO 33:Extinction Episodes of the past

动物行为

TPO 02:The Origins of Cetaceans

TPO 11:Begging by Nestlings

TPO 11:Orientation and Navigation

TPO 17:Ani mal Signals in The Rain Forest

TPO 30-1 Role of Play in Development

TPO 29-2:Competition

TPO 28-3:Buck Rubs and Buck Scrapes

TPO 27-3:Predator-Prey Cycles

生态/环境/能源

TPO 03:The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems

TPO 10:Variations in The Climate

TPO 19:Succession, Climax, and Ecosystems

TPO 23:Urban Climates

TPO 26:Survival of Plants and Animals in Desert Conditions

TPO 29-3:The History of Waterpower

TPO 31-3: Savanna Formation

三、自然科学

自然科学这一类型的话题比较生僻,一般包括地质学、天文学等等一系列有关大自然的话题。常考到的内容包括冰川、火星、化石等。这类文章一般是用来“难为”考生的,即使可以看懂文章内容也很难理解。

自然科学在论证时会出现的共同内容都会涉及到如:板块构造与变迁、冰川变化、化石变化与大气/气候变化等因素,不同点在于地理地质学以地球为论证环境、天文学以其他天体和整体宇宙为论证环境。

细分话题推荐材料:冰川类

OG:green Icebergs

TPO 15:Glacier Formation

TPO 19:Discovering The Ice Ages

地质类

OG:Geology and Landscape

TPO 01:Groundwater

TPO 03:Depletion of The Ogallala Aquifer

TPO 12:Water in The Desert

TPO 21:Geothermal Energy

TPO 24:Lake Water

TPO 28-1:Groundwater

TPO 27-2:The Formation of Volcanic Islands

火星类

TPO 08:Running Water On Mars

TPO 25:The Surface of Mars

其他行星类

TPO 16:Planets in Our Solar System

TPO 22:The Allende Meteorite


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