这些小技巧竟然是托福独立写作开头的关键

好的开头是成功的一半，写作当然也不例外。今天跟上海新航道托福培训班一起来学一学如何写好托福独立写作的开头段吧。

独立写作的开头段写作要遵循3要素：introduction, position, (transition).其中introduction就是引出话题，告知读者整篇文章讨论的话题;position即立场态度，自己对该话题所持有的观点;而transition是过渡，从开头向正文论述部分的过渡，通常会直接从内容和结构上给出全篇的分论点。

Introduction写法最基本的宗旨就是去思考为什么考试要考这个话题，是什么现象什么情况使得这个话题有讨论的价值。思考以下例题：

例1：Students in the future can have the choice to learn at home using high-tech innovations, like TV or internet. Do you think they will still attend traditional schools?

例2：TV advertising directed towards children (aged from 2 to 5) should not be allowed.

例1中，关于将来学生是不是在传统的教室里上课，这一题和科技发展有关系。因此，这一题的introduction部分可以这样思考：社会快速发展，新科技不断出现，这给人们生活的方方面面都带来了影响(Introduction)。其中一个的影响是改变学生们的上课方式.......

例2中，这一题是在说针对于2-5岁的孩子的电脑广告应该被禁止。从背景上考虑，这一题也可以从科技发展入手：社会的快速发展离不开大众媒体的传播。其中，广告作为一种最常见的传播形式，给人们的生活带来很大的影响(introduction)。那么，针对于2-5岁孩子的广告是不是允许传播....

那么，关于introduction，一共有2种常用形式：背景引入式&主题重申式

背景引入式的开头结构：

结合题目，引入背景，自然过渡到话题上，最后明确表达立场

例题：Students in the future can have the choice to learn at home using high-tech innovations, like TV or internet. Do you think they will still attend traditional schools?

开头• We live in a technology world in which technology gives us many opportunities to improve every aspect of our lives. • One of the most obvious impacts which the technology has on education is that it has changed traditional studying-in-class learning pattern.(引入背景) • Now we get the chance to study at home by using technology such as computer or television.(过渡到话题) • This new learning pattern, which I strongly recommend to everyone(明确立场), will save a lot of time spent on the traveling between schools and living spots; moreover, learners can arrange their time schedule flexibly.(transition，过渡)

主题重申式，又称为题目改写，此种方式的开头结构：

改写题目然后明确表达立场

例题：Some students like classes where teachers lecture (do all of the talking) in class. Other students prefer classes where the students do some of the talking. Which type of class do you prefer? Give specific reasons and details to support your choice.

开头• There are basically two types of classes in universities, classes where teachers lecture and that where the students do some of the talking. Some students prefer the class in which they can talk because they believe the exchange between teachers and students promotes learning; others will prefer lectures which will deliver far more information to students(改写题目). • I prefer the former approach although both teaching and learning approaches are valuable and have relative merits.(明确立场) My reasons are listed below.(transition，过渡)

上述开头方式虽然明确的表达了观点，但是整段读起来会比教啰嗦，因此，下面介绍一种题目重申版，结构同样是改写题目➟明确表达立场，但是题目改写会非常简洁奥。

例题：Because the world is changing so quickly, people now are less happy or less satisfied with their lives than people were in the past.

开头段：As the society developing rapidly, we can hear such voices sometimes in our life that the modern society makes people morbid and people should retrieve their past life.(改写题目) However, as far as I am concerned, the overall modern life has virtually made people more delighted than before.(明确立场)