托福阅读场景高频同义替换词考点一节【新航道原创】

1托福阅读场景高频同义地替换词考点一节【新航道原创】

1. persistent: enduring

TPO 13-2-Paragraph 2: The disorienting effects of this mismatch between external tine cues and internal schedules may persist ,like our jet lag, for several days or weeks until certain cues such as the daylight/darkness cycle reset the organism's clock to synchronize with the daily rhythm of the new environment.

TPO 13-2-Q4: The word "persistent" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. adjusted

B.strong

C.enduring

D.predicted

2.condition: circumstances

TPO 19-1-Paragraph 5:The circumstances that had allowed natives to become Romanized also led the self-sustaining military community of the frontier area to become effectively British.

TPO 19-1-Q12: The word "circumstances” in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. experiences

B.communities

C.conditions

D.laws

3.appear:emerge

TPO 33-1-Paragraph 2:Many prehistorians believe that farming may have emerged in dependently in several different areas of the world when small communities, driven by increasing population and a decline in available food resources, began to plant seeds in the group in an effort to guarantee their survival

4. suggest: indicate

TPO3-2-Paragraph2: Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of  addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.

TPO 3-2-Q5: In paragraph 3, why does the author provide the information that 40 percent of American cattle are fattened in the High Plains?

A.To suggest that crop cultivation is not the most important part of the economy of the High Plains.

B. To indicate that not all economic activity in the High Plains is dependent on irrigation.

C.To provide another example of how water from the Ogallala has transformed the economy of the High Plains.

D.To contrast cattle-fattening practices in the High Plains with those used in other region of the United States.

5. include: incorporate

TPO 19-1-Paragraph 1:Areas rapidly incorporated into the empire were not long affected by the military.

6. structure: edifice

TPO 8-1-Paragraph 1:It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number of industrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices, and a regular grid pattern of streets and buildings.

7.contain:consist of

TPO 49-1-Paragraph 4:Raised beaches often consist of areas of sand, pebbles, or dunes, sometimes containing seashells or piles of debris comprising shells and bones of marine animals used by humans.

8.process:procedure

TPO51-3-Paragraph 4: Steam shipping, which improved speed and capacity, as well as new procedures for canning and refrigerating foods (particularly after 1870) , was fundamental to these developments.

9flow:circulate

Tpo203-Peragapn3:Water containing dissolved silica, calcium carbonate , or iron may circulate through the enclosing sediment and be deposited in cavities such as marrow cavities and canals in bone once occupied by blood vessels and nerves.

10.mass:bulk

TPO 15-1-Paragraph 3:Maintaining a high body temperature through sheer bulk is called gigantothermy.

TPO 15-1-Q5:The word "bulk" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. strength

B.effort

C.activity

D.mass

11. control: manage

TPO 39-3-Paragraph 5:In an ideal world, the Forest Service would manage and restore the forests, thin them out, and remove the dense understory by cutting or by controlled small fires.

12.effect:consequence

TPO 43-1-Paragraph 1: Alexander's actions had several important consequences for the region occupied by the empire.

13.record:document

TPO 5-3-Paragraph 2: Why does the fossil record not document the series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals?

TPO 46-1-Q9:The word "document" in the passage is closest in  meaning to

A.include

B.influence

C.organize

D.record

14.survive:endure1

TPO 6-2-Paragraph4: Some fossils endured through so many millions of years that they appear in many strata, but others occur only in a few strata, and a few species had their births and

extinctions within one particular stratum.

TPO 6-2-Q9: The word “endured" in the passage is closest in

meaning to

A.vanished

B.developed

C.varied

D.survived

15. proportion: ratio

TPO 48-1-Q10:The word "ratio" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.proportion

B.availability

C.importance

D.cost

16.explain:define

TPO 17-1-Paragraph 5:It defined such matters as the authority of a ship's officers, protocols of command, pay structures, the rights of sailors, and the rules of engagement when ships met one

another on the sea-lanes.

17. important: crucial1

TPO 49-1-Paragraph 2: The existence of Beringia (and the extent to which it could have supported human life) is one of the crucial pieces of evidence in the continuing debate about the likely route and date of human colonization of the New World.

TPO 49-1-Q1: The word "crucial" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.interesting

B.important

C.established

D.understood

18. mean : average

TPO 16-3-Paragraph 4: The densities of the terrestrial planets water. average about 5 times the density of water, whereas the Jovian planets have densities that average only 1.5 times the density of water.

19. relatively: comparatively

TPO 23-3-Paragraph 2: The systematic study of this art is a relatively new discipline in Australia.

TPO 23-3-Q3: The word "relatively" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A.completely

B.comparatively

C.apparently

D.particularly