雅思阅读考试中需要注意的几个语法点
对于雅思考生来说,虽然阅读不是考试中最难的题型,却是需要投入大量精力去思考和分析的。在平时的复习备考中,考生要多注意积累一些经常考的语法知识点,并从知识点和真题中掌握相应的应对解答技巧。今天,小编就结合以往的经验,着重为大家分享几个方面的语法要点,供大家参考。
一、阅读中长句的处理
雅思阅读的三篇文章都比较长,而且单词也相对比较难。让考生头痛的就是几乎一半以上的句子都是长句。而所谓的对长句的处理就是指能清楚地知道这个长句的主干在是什么呢,基本上指的就是这个长句的主谓宾或主谓表是什么。这样的话,就大大减轻了考生的负担和压力。因为主干的单词往往都相对而言比较简单,并且,主干上的意思基本上就是作者的要表达的意义。当然,还有一个点是能弄懂长句的比较有立竿见影的好处就是出题者的出题特点。
我们来看一个例子
题目:Paragraph B How the port changes a city’s infrastructure (C2T2P3)
原文:Port cities become industrial, financial and service centers and political capitals because of their water connections and the urban concentration which arises there and later draws to it railway, highways and air routes. Water transport means cheap access, the chief basis of all port cities. Many of the world’s biggest cities, for example, London, New York, Shanghai, Istanbul, Buenos Aries, Tokyo, Jakarta, Calcutta, Philadelphia and San Francisco began as ports—that is, with land-sea exchange as their major function—but they have since grown disproportionately in other respects, so that their port functions are no longer dominant. They remain different kinds of places from non-port cities and their port functions account for that difference.
做这一道题的时候,考生只要知道出题者的出干扰项的思路,就不会选How the port changes a city’s infrastructure这个小标题。很多考生之所以会选这个答案,很大程度上是因为第1句:Port cities become industrial, financial and service centers and political capitals because of their water connections and the urban concentration which arises there and later draws to it railway, highways and air routes. city’s infrastructure想对应的就是railway, highways and air routes。然而我们可以看到这个长句的主干是:Port cities become industrial, financial and service centers and political capitals。故这个小标题是个干扰项。
二、时态的处理
在雅思阅读中,时态所谓是阅读中最简单最显而易见的一个特殊点。所谓特殊点当然是指在一个普遍存在的现象中与众不同的一点。雅思阅读的文章都是学术类的文章,故此类文章基本上采用的就是一般现在时。因此,除了一般现在时的其他时态在阅读的题目中都非常地特殊。
我们看一个例子
题目:sensors (C6T1P1) classification
Aare currently exclusively used by Australians
Bwill be used in the future by Australians
Care currently used by both Australians and their rivals
原文:They are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run.
这是剑桥六的真题,是分类。这里出现的特殊时态—将来时,所以考生做题就很明显分两类,定位后先看时态,如果是一般现在是或过去时,那答案就非A即 C;如果定位到的地方是现在进行时和将来时,很明显答案是B。此外,在雅思考试中,涉及到将来时态的关键词还有in the future 和 long-term.等等。
三、连接词及冠词的使用
我们知道雅思阅读考试的核心是定位,当然这些虚词都无法帮助定位。但是这些虚词同样可以给考试一个比较好的做题方向。表示并列关系的and, or, as well as等等连接词,在定位的时候就可以用定位词和这种关系来精确定位。因为并列关系非常的简单且表明这两个词的关系非常地密切。
我们看下面的例子。
题目:The territory of Nunavut consists of little more than ice, rock and a few…………(C6T1P3) summary
原文:Nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole.
一看到and并列关系,所以这道题就很明显用ice, rock来定到位,然后就很明显和这两个词保持并列关系的是islands。
题目:For thousands of years they have had to rely on catching…………and…………as a means of sustenance. (C6T1P3) summary
原文:Human first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,5000 years ago, surviving by exploiting sea mammals and fish.
这道题也是非常的简单,要填的两个空是并列结构,而且有个很好的定位词thousands可以很快定到位,然后抄两个保持并列结构的名词。因此,答案应该是sea mammals, fish.
以上就是小编结合以往的真题及辅导的经验,为大家梳理的关于雅思阅读中需要重点注意的几个语法点,希望通过这些内容的阅读,大家能够更好地掌握阅读相关的语法知识,获得理想的阅读解题效果和考试成绩。