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SECTION 4 Questions 31-40

Complete the notes below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

Ocean Biodiversity

Biodiversity hotspots

areas containing many different species

important for locating targets for 31 __________

at first only identified on land

Boris Worm, 2005

identified hotspots for large ocean predators, e.g. sharks

found that ocean hotspots:

- were not always rich in 32 __________

- had higher temperatures at the 33 __________

- had sufficient 34 __________ in the water

Lisa Ballance, 2007

looked for hotspots for marine 35 __________

found these were all located where ocean currents meet

Census of Marine Life

found new ocean species living:

- under the 36 __________

- near volcanoes on the ocean floor

Global Marine Species Assessment

want to list endangered ocean species, considering:

- population size

- geographical distribution

- rate of 37 __________

Aim: to assess 20,000 species and make a distribution 38 __________ for each one

Recommendations to retain ocean biodiversity

increase the number of ocean reserves

establish 39 __________ corridors (e.g. for turtles)

reduce fishing quotas

catch fish only for the purpose of 40 __________

Section 4

Question 31：

答案：conservation

定位原文：scripts:

The hotspots are significant because they allow us to locate key areas for focusing efforts at conservation.

解题思路：个设空处是关于Biodiversity hotspots的，预读题目时候locating targets这个信息非常重要，locate key areas 这个表达在听力原文中重现，后面的focusing efforts at conservation 就是答案关键。

Question 32：

答案：food/foods

定位原文：scripts:

The main thing he’d expected to find was that they had very high concentrations of food, but to his surprise that was only true for four of hotspots – remaining hotspot was quite badly off in that regard.

解题思路：这个部分设空是关于Boris Worm这个人的研究，人名可以帮我们锁定解题区域。设空处是三个关于ocean hotspots 的三个发现， expected to find 就是答案出现的地方了。此题比较简单。

Question 33：

答案：surface

定位原文：scripts:

The water at the surface of the ocean had relatively high temperatures, even when it was cool at greater depths.

解题思路：上文的空填出来之后，后面紧接着就是33题的答案。

Question 34：

答案：oxygen/O2

定位原文：scripts:

Because the also found that the water needed to have enough oxygen in it.

解题思路：和32、33题一样，可以确认答案出现的区域。预读题目，可以知道问的是水里有充足的什么，have enough 后面就是答案。

Question 35：

答案：mammals

定位原文：scripts:

What she was interested in was marine mammals, things like seals.

解题思路：35题问的是Lisa Ballance 这个人的研究。挖空处问的是她的研究内容，听力原文用“was interested in”来锁定答案。

Question 36：

答案：ice

定位原文：scripts:

One thing they found there which stunned other researchers was that there were large numbers of species which live below the ice.

解题思路：36 题问的是发现new ocean species的其中一个居住地，原文的below the ice就是答案，所以空处就是填写ice。

Question 37：

答案：decline/declining/decrease

定位原文：scripts:

Thirdly, they calculate the rate at which the decline of the species is happening.

解题思路：37和38题都属于Global Marine Species Assessment这个组织，37题属于list endangered ocean species 要考虑的因素;38题是问这个组织成立的目的。组织的名字帮助定位答题区域。Thirdly they calculate the rate 出现，37题答案就出来了。

Question 38：

答案：map

定位原文：scripts:

For each one they assess, they use the data they collect on that species to produce a map showing its distribution.

解题思路：部分同上，distribution 出现在原文中，produce a map showing its distribution和题目 make a distribution map 是同义表达。

Question 39：

答案：migration

定位原文：scripts:

We need to create corridors for migration.

解题思路：为了保持海洋多样性的一些建议，corridor是解题关键，for表示目的，可以得知migration是答案。

Question 40：

答案：consumption

定位原文：scripts:

So that only the fish wanted for consumption were caught.

解题思路：so that 表示目的，同义表达 for the purpose of，定位后此题答案比较容易得出。