2017年12月9日雅思大作文题目：A rise in the standard of living in a country often seems to only benefit cities rather than rural areas. What problems might this difference cause? How might these problems be reduced?

本周雅思作文是关于生活水准的提高带来的城乡差异等问题，以及其解决方式。本题是2013年10月26日的真题重现。

城乡差距会带来哪些问题呢?比如说资源的分配问题，城市会分配到越来越多的资源，越来越先进，而农村则会相对越来越落后。随之带来的影响包括劳动力人口向城市涌入，造成城市资源短缺，就业市场竞争激烈;而农村则会出现教育水平低下，基础设施落后等一系列问题。对于城乡差异，我们应当加大对农村地区的基础设施和教育投入，让城乡和谐发展。

老师笔记

01

Cities have benefited more from the rise of living standard than the rural areas so that the gap between the urban and rural areas has been widened. Consequently, a series of problems related to the urban-rural gap arise.

生活水平的提高，城市获益比乡村地区更多，这样，城市与乡村地区的差距就增大了。由此，一系列与城乡差距相关的问题就出现了。

解析

(1)本段为引入段，直接进入话题，但对题目表达方式进行了简单改写。

(2) consequently 结果

(3) arise (问题/情况)出现

02

As more budgets are invested in the infrastructure in the urban rather than the rural areas, urban population enjoy better educational and medical resources as well as more convenient transportation. To struggle for a better life, labors from rural areas rush into the cities, making the already limited city space more and more crowded and resulting in the prohibitivelyhigh cost of living. For those who migrate from rural areas to cities, they may have a hard time adjusting themselves to the lifestyle in cities since it is so very different from their previous country life. As a result, they will face a job market socompetitive that it will be extremely difficult for them to find a satisfactory job. Then, with the ever increasing number of jobless young people come more serious social problems like stealing, robbing and other crimes.

随着更多的预算投入城市基础设施，而不是农村地区，城市人口享有更好的教育和医疗资源，以及更便利的交通。为了争取更好的生活，农村劳动力涌入城市，使原本有限的城市空间越来越拥挤，导致生活费用过高。对那些从农村迁移到城市的人来说，他们可能很难适应城市的生活方式，因为城市的生活方式和他们以前的乡村生活有很大的不同。因此，他们将面临一个竞争十分激烈的就业市场，很难找到一份满意的工作。这样，失业青年越来越多，随之而来的就是更严重的社会问题，比如偷窃、抢劫等犯罪。

解析

(1)本段论述城乡差异带来的坏处：空间拥挤，工作压力，社会问题。

(2)infrastructure 基础设施

(3)result in 导致(=lead to; cause)

(4)prohibitively 极端地，令人望而生畏地

(5)adjust oneself to... 调整自己以适应......

(6)competitive 竞争很大的;有竞争力的

03

Another concern is that it is not always possible for children from rural areas to get access to proper schooling in cities. Hence, these children have to be left behind in the countryside, separated from their parents, and eventually find themselves unable to compete with those who grow up in cities. Very unfortunately, as the educational resources keep pouring into the cities, the rural children will remain unable to use them, which means the educational gap between the urban and rural children may exist for quite a long time.

另一个问题是，来自农村地区的孩子往往不能在城市得到恰当的教育，因此，这些孩子必须留在农村，与父母分开，最终发现自己无法与那些在城市长大的孩子竞争。不幸的是，随着教育资源源源不断地涌入城市，农村儿童将继续无法使用这些资源，这意味着城乡儿童之间的教育差距可能会存在很长一段时间。

解析

(1)本段论证城乡差异带来的另一个问题：儿童教育的差异。

(2)get access to 获得;进入

(3)leave behind 留在身后

(4)eventually 最终

04

To break the vicious cycle that will lead to a wider urban-rural gap, the government is obliged to balance the development of cities and rural areas by investing more money in the public services such as schools and hospitals and providing more job opportunities in rural areas. Besides, agricultural tourism can be developed to bring income for the rural population. For those eager to move to cities, the government should offer them more training opportunities to ensure they can find their position in cities.

为了打破导致城乡差距扩大的恶性循环，政府必须通过向公共服务领域(比如学校和医院)投入更多资金来平衡城市和农村的发展，同时在农村地区提供更多的就业机会。此外，还可以发展农业旅游，为农村人口带来收入。对于那些急于搬到城市的人，政府应该为他们提供更多的培训机会，以确保他们能够在城市中找到自己的位置。

解析

(1)本段为结论段，提出解决办法。

(2)vicious cycle 恶性循环

(3)be obliged to do... 必须做......

(4)ensure 确保

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